Cell surface NADH oxidases (ECTO-NOX proteins) with roles in cancer, cellular time-keeping, growth, aging and neurodegenerative diseases.

Abstract

ECTO-NOX (because of their cell surface location) proteins comprise a family of NAD(P)H oxidases of plants and animals that exhibit both oxidative and protein disulfide isomerase-like activities. The two biochemical activities, hydroquinone [NAD(P)H] oxidation and protein disulfide--thiol interchange alternate, a property unprecedented in the biochemical literature. A tumor-associated ECTO-NOX (tNOX) is cancer-specific and drug-responsive. The constitutive ECTO-NOX (CNOX) is ubiquitous and refractory to drugs. The physiological substrate for the oxidative activity appears to be hydroquinones of the plasma membrane such as reduced coenzyme Q10. ECTO-NOX proteins are growth-related and drive cell enlargement. Also indicated are roles in aging and in neurodegenerative diseases. The regular pattern of oscillations appears to be related to alpha-helix-beta-structure transitions and serves biochemical core oscillator of the cellular biological clock. Period length is independent of temperature (temperature compensated) and synchrony is achieved through entrainment.

• Authors: D James Morré, Dorothy M Morré
• Journal: Free radical research (Free Radic Res) Vol. 37 Issue 8 Pg. 795-808 (Aug 2003) ISSN: 1071-5762 [Print] England
• PMID: 14567438 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)

Chemical References

• Coenzymes
• Multienzyme Complexes
• Prions
• Ubiquinone
• NADH oxidase
• NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases
• coenzyme Q10
• Oxygen

Topics

• Aging
• Amino Acid Motifs
• Amino Acid Sequence
• Animals
• Biological Clocks
• Cell Division
• Cell Membrane (enzymology)
• Coenzymes
• Humans
• Models, Biological
• Molecular Sequence Data
• Multienzyme Complexes (biosynthesis, physiology)
• NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases (biosynthesis, physiology)
• Neoplasms (enzymology)
• Neurodegenerative Diseases (enzymology)
• Oxygen (metabolism)
• Prions (metabolism)
• Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
• Temperature
• Time Factors
• Ubiquinone (analogs & derivatives, metabolism)