In December 2000 and February 2001, two children with suspected
meningococcal disease were admitted to our pediatric intensive unit. Their Glasgow Meningococcal Septicaemia Prognostic score was 12 points. General treatment including
antibiotics,
steroids in case of
meningitis, and fluid replacement, was performed. Despite appropriate volume replacement, intubation and ventilation,
noradrenaline and
adrenaline continuous infusions < or =1.0 microg/kg/min, and additional bolus infusions, cardiac output deteriorated within minutes in both children.
Calcium and
bicarbonate were given without sustained effect. Echocardiography demonstrated no
pericardial effusion and shortening fraction was <10%. External
cardiac massage had to be performed immediately in one case for electromechanical uncoupling. Both patients received a bolus of
enoximone 2 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg
body weight, respectively, followed by a continuous infusion of 20-23 microg/kg/min. Thereafter, both children had an adequate blood pressure and their shortening fraction increased to >30%. Within minutes, the
catecholamine infusion could be reduced in both patients. The children completely recovered from their life-threatening situations. In patients with severe prolonged
catecholamine and volume refractory
endotoxin shock in
Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome, even with electromechanical uncoupling and complete myocardial arrest,
enoximone can immediately restore myocardial contractility.