Colloid osmotic pressure after hemorrhage and replenishment with Oxyglobin Solution, hetastarch, or whole blood in pregnant sheep.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To compare plasma colloid osmotic pressure (COP) of both maternal and fetal blood, before and after hemorrhage, and replenishment with Oxyglobin Solution (Biopure Corporation, Cambridge, MA, USA), hetastarch or whole blood in pregnant ewes.

STUDY DESIGN:

Prospective, randomized study.

ANIMALS:

A total of 17 adult Rambouillet ewes at 131 (128-133) [median (minimum, maximum)] days gestation, weighing 56 (46, 63) kg.

METHODS:

Ewes and fetuses were chronically instrumented with catheters in a maternal jugular vein, maternal carotid artery and fetal femoral artery. Twenty milliliters per kilograms of blood were removed from each ewe over 1 hour. The ewes were then given 20 mL kg(-1) of either Oxyglobin Solution (n = 5), hetastarch (n = 6), or autologous whole blood (n = 6) IV. Maternal plasma COP was measured before hemorrhage, after hemorrhage, after replenishment, and 1 and 2 hours later. Fetal plasma COP was measured after maternal hemorrhage and 2 hours after maternal volume replenishment.

RESULTS:

Median COP of all ewes before hemorrhage was 20 (16, 24) mm Hg and after hemorrhage (p < 0.05), decreased to 16 (11, 19) mm Hg. After volume replenishment, the COP of the Oxyglobin Solution group was 22 (21, 25) mm Hg, the autologous whole blood group was 17 (16, 22) mm Hg and the hetastarch group was 20 (17, 21) mm Hg. The COP of the Oxyglobin Solution group was significantly greater (p < 0.05) than the COP of the hetastarch group immediately and 60 minutes after volume replenishment, and greater (p < 0.05) than that of the autologous whole blood group at 60 minutes after volume replenishment. The COP of all the fetuses after maternal hemorrhage was 16 (12, 19) mm Hg and at 120 minutes after maternal volume replenishment was 15 (11, 18) mm Hg. There were no differences in COP between or within any of the fetal groups.

CONCLUSIONS:

When used to treat blood loss, Oxyglobin Solution increases plasma COP more than an equal volume of hetastarch in the first hour following administration. Maternal administration of Oxyglobin Solution did not alter fetal COP.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE:

Oxyglobin Solution is a more potent colloid than hetastarch. Oxyglobin Solution did not appear to translocate fluid from the fetal to maternal circulation.

• Authors: Lysa P Posner, Paula F Moon, Stuart P Bliss, Robin D Gleed, Hollis N Erb
• Journal: Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia (Vet Anaesth Analg) Vol. 30 Issue 1 Pg. 30-6 (Jan 2003) ISSN: 1467-2987 [Print] United States
• PMID: 14498915 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Comparative Study, Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial)

Chemical References

• Blood Substitutes
• Colloids
• Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives

Topics

• Animal Diseases (drug therapy)
• Animals
• Blood Gas Analysis (veterinary)
• Blood Substitutes (pharmacology)
• Blood Transfusion (veterinary)
• Colloids
• Female
• Fetal Blood
• Fetal Hypoxia (drug therapy, veterinary)
• Fluid Therapy (veterinary)
• Hemorrhage (drug therapy, veterinary)
• Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives (pharmacology)
• Osmotic Pressure
• Plasma Volume (drug effects)
• Pregnancy
• Pregnancy, Animal (physiology)
• Prospective Studies
• Sheep (physiology)