Abstract | BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We reported previously that stroke risk factors prepared the brain stem for the development of ischemia and hemorrhage and induced the production of tumor necrosis factor following an intrathecal injection of lipopolysaccharide, a prototypic monocyte-activating stimulus. This study evaluates whether blood or brain cells of hypertensive rats produce more proinflammatory and prothrombotic mediators than do blood or brain cells of normotensive rats. METHODS: RESULTS: Little or no activity from these mediators was found in the cerebrospinal fluid or blood of saline-injected control animals. Intravenous administration of lipopolysaccharide (0.001, 0.1, and 1.8 mg/kg) produced dose-dependent increases in blood levels of all mediators in hypertensive rats. In normotensive rats the levels were less than in hypertensive rats and were not clearly dose-related. When lipopolysaccharide was injected intracerebroventricularly, more tumor necrosis factor was measured in the cerebrospinal fluid than in the blood, suggesting local synthesis of this cytokine. Levels of tumor necrosis factor and platelet-activating factor in the cerebrospinal fluid were higher in hypertensive than in normotensive rats. The thromboxane A2/ prostacyclin ratio was not altered significantly between the two rat strains. CONCLUSIONS:
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Authors | A L Sirén, E Heldman, D Doron, P G Lysko, T L Yue, Y Liu, G Feuerstein, J M Hallenbeck |
Journal | Stroke
(Stroke)
Vol. 23
Issue 11
Pg. 1643-50; discussion 1650-1
(Nov 1992)
ISSN: 0039-2499 [Print] United States |
PMID | 1440713
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)
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Chemical References |
- Lipopolysaccharides
- Platelet Activating Factor
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
- Thromboxane B2
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Topics |
- Animals
- Brain
(metabolism)
- Cerebrovascular Disorders
(metabolism)
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Hypertension
(metabolism)
- Injections, Intravenous
- Injections, Intraventricular
- Leukocyte Count
- Lipopolysaccharides
(pharmacology)
- Platelet Activating Factor
(cerebrospinal fluid, metabolism)
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred SHR
- Rats, Inbred WKY
- Reference Values
- Risk Factors
- Thromboxane B2
(blood, cerebrospinal fluid, metabolism)
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
(cerebrospinal fluid, metabolism)
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