| Abstract | Plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and its major protein, apolipoprotein A-I, are inversely correlated with the incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Low HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I levels often are found in association with other cardiovascular risk factors, including the metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, overexpression of apolipoprotein A-I in animals has been shown to reduce progression and even induce regression of atherosclerosis, indicating that apolipoprotein A-I is directly protective against atherosclerosis. A major mechanism by which apolipoprotein A-I inhibits atherosclerosis may be by promoting cholesterol efflux from macrophages and returning it to the liver for excretion, a process termed reverse cholesterol transport. This article focuses on new developments in the regulation of reverse cholesterol transport and the clinical implications of those developments. |
| Authors | Daniel J Rader
(Affiliation: Preventive Cardiology/Lipid Research Center, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA. rader at mail.med.upenn.edu)
|
| Journal | The American journal of cardiology
(Am J Cardiol)
Vol. 92
Issue 4A
Pg. 42J-49J
(Aug 18 2003)
ISSN: 0002-9149 United States |
| PMID | 12957326
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review)
|
| Chemical References |
- ATP binding cassette transporter 1
- ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters
- Antigens, CD36
- Antilipemic Agents
- Apolipoprotein A-I
- CETP protein, human
- Carrier Proteins
- Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins
- Cholesterol, HDL
- Glycoproteins
- Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
- Membrane Proteins
- Phospholipid Transfer Proteins
- Receptors, Immunologic
- Receptors, Lipoprotein
- Receptors, Scavenger
- Scarb1 protein, mouse
- Scavenger Receptors, Class B
- Niacin
- LIPG protein, human
- Lipg protein, mouse
- Lipase
- Lipoprotein Lipase
|
| Topics |
- ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters
(genetics)
- Animals
- Antigens, CD36
(genetics)
- Antilipemic Agents
(therapeutic use)
- Apolipoprotein A-I
(genetics)
- Biological Transport
(genetics, physiology)
- Cardiovascular Diseases
(prevention & control)
- Carrier Proteins
(genetics)
- Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins
- Cholesterol, HDL
(genetics, metabolism)
- Glycoproteins
- Humans
- Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
(therapeutic use)
- Hypolipoproteinemias
(drug therapy, genetics, metabolism)
- Lipase
(genetics)
- Lipoprotein Lipase
(genetics)
- Membrane Proteins
(genetics)
- Mice
- Niacin
(therapeutic use)
- Phospholipid Transfer Proteins
- Receptors, Immunologic
- Receptors, Lipoprotein
- Receptors, Scavenger
- Risk Factors
- Scavenger Receptors, Class B
|
