The database of the Drosophila Genome Project contains the sequences of two genes, CG8784 and CG8795, predicted to code for two structurally related
G protein-coupled receptors. We have cloned these genes and expressed their coding parts in Chinese hamster ovary cells. We found that both receptors can be activated by low concentrations of the Drosophila
neuropeptide pyrokinin-2 (CG8784, EC(50) for
pyrokinin-2, 1x10(-9)M; CG8795, EC(50) for
pyrokinin-2, 5 x 10(-10)M). The precise role of Drosophila pyrokinin-2 (SVPFKPRLamide) in Drosophila is unknown, but in other insects, pyrokinins have diverse myotropic actions and are also initiating
sex pheromone biosynthesis and embryonic diapause. Gene silencing, using the
RNA-mediated interference technique, showed that CG8784 gene silencing caused lethality in embryos, whereas CG8795 gene silencing resulted in strongly reduced viability for both embryos and first instar larvae. In addition to the two Drosophila receptors, we also identified two probable
pyrokinin receptors in the genomic database from the
malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae. The two Drosophila
pyrokinin receptors are, to our knowledge, the first invertebrate
pyrokinin receptors to be identified.