Abstract |
To clarify the clinical efficacy of one of the traditional medicines in the treatment of patients with vascular dementia, we investigated the pharmacological activities of Choto-san in animal models. Pretreatment with Choto-san (0.75-6.0 g/kg po), a component herb, Chotoko (75-600 mg/kg po), and indole alkaloids and phenolic fractions of Chotoko prevented ischemia-induced impairment of spatial learning behaviour in water maze performance of mice. A single administration of Choto-san (0.5 to 6.0 g/kg po) or Chotoko (Uncaria genus) produced a dose-dependent antihypertensive effect in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and partly inhibited the induction of the apoplexy in stroke-prone SHR (SHR-SP). Choto-san, Chotoko, and its phenolic constituents, (-) epicatechin and caffeic acid, significantly protected NG108-15 cells from injury induced by H(2)O(2) exposure in vitro and also inhibited lipid peroxidation in the brain homogenate. Indole alkaloids, rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline (1-100 microM), reversibly reduced N-methyl-D-aspartate ( NMDA)-induced current concentration dependently in NMDA receptor-expressed Xenopus oocytes. These results suggest that antidementia effects of Choto-san are due to antihypertensive, free radical scavenging and antiexcitotoxic effects, which are attributed at least partly to phenolic compounds and indole alkaloids contained in Chotoko.
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Authors | Hiroshi Watanabe, Qi Zhao, Kinzo Matsumoto, Michihisa Tohda, Yukihisa Murakami, Shao-Hui Zhang, Tae-Hyun Kang, Pramote Mahakunakorn, Yukiko Maruyama, Iwao Sakakibara, Norio Aimi, Hiromitsu Takayama |
Journal | Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
(Pharmacol Biochem Behav)
Vol. 75
Issue 3
Pg. 635-43
(Jun 2003)
ISSN: 0091-3057 [Print] United States |
PMID | 12895681
(Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal
- Free Radical Scavengers
- choto-san
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Topics |
- Animals
- Cell Line
- Dementia
(drug therapy, metabolism)
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal
(chemistry, pharmacology, therapeutic use)
- Female
- Free Radical Scavengers
(chemistry, pharmacology, therapeutic use)
- Hypertension
(drug therapy, metabolism)
- Male
- Medicine, Kampo
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred ICR
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred SHR
- Rats, Inbred WKY
- Xenopus
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