Rapid gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric diagnosis of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency and dihydropyrimidinase deficiency.
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| Abstract |
A rapid yet reliable chemical diagnosis for dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DHPD) deficiency, and possibly dihydropyrimidinase (DHP) deficiency in cancer patients, prior to therapy with pyrimidine analogues such as 5-fluorouracil, is desired for prevention of severe side-effects by these drugs. We have reported the basic separation and quantitation technology for pyrimidine metabolites using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A proposal to use the number (n) of standard deviations (SD) above the normal mean, as the index of the excessive urinary excretion of the metabolites appears not to be commonly used. When used, the values were too small, such as two or three, even in genetic disorders. Here, we applied the method to 11 urine specimens from proven cases including two DHP carriers and proved how specific the method is, because "n"-values were markedly large for thymine (T), uracil (U) and/or dihydrothymine (DHT) and dihydrouracil (DHU). In three cases with DHPD deficiency, two were siblings, one with symptoms and the other without, n was 12 for T and 5.9 for U, and 5-hydroxymethyluracil was distinctly detected. These values indicate that the nature of genetic mutation relates closely to the degree of metabolite accumulation in pyrimidine disorders. In six patients with DHP deficiency, n was 8.4-12 for DHT and 7.2-11 for DHU. Many mutations are known for both genes and the assay of residual enzyme activity may be time-consuming or invasive especially for those with DHP deficiency. Thus, this noninvasive yet comprehensive urinalysis has great value for those without a family history, as the first trial, before DNA or the enzyme assay. Our findings again raise the question whether the metabolic block really causes the symptoms found in pyrimidine disorders.
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| Authors | Tomiko Kuhara, Chie Ohdoi, Morimasa Ohse, André B P van Kuilenburg, Albert H van Gennip, Satoshi Sumi, Tetsuya Ito, Yoshiro Wada, Isamu Matsumoto |
| Journal | Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences (J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci) Vol. 792 Issue 1 Pg. 107-15 (Jul 15 2003) ISSN: 1570-0232 [Print] Netherlands |
| PMID | 12829003 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't) |
| Chemical References |
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