Annonacin, a mono-tetrahydrofuran acetogenin, arrests cancer cells at the G1 phase and causes cytotoxicity in a Bax- and caspase-3-related pathway.

Abstract	Annonaceous acetogenins are a group of potential anti-neoplastic agents isolated from Annonaceae plants. In this study, we purified annonacin, a cytotoxic mono-tetrahydrofuran acetogenin, from the seeds of Annona reticulata and analyzed its biological effects. Herein, we have shown that annonacin caused significant cell death in various cancer cell lines. T24 bladder cancer cells at the S phase were more vulnerable to the cytotoxicity of annonacin. Furthermore, annonacin activated p21 in a p53-independent manner and arrested T24 cells at the G1 phase. It also induced Bax expression, enhanced caspase-3 activity, and caused apoptotic cell death in T24 cells. In summary, these results suggest that annonacin is potentially a promising anti-cancer compound.
Authors	Shyng-Shiou F Yuan, Hsueh-Ling Chang, Hsiao-Wen Chen, Yao-Tsung Yeh, Ying-Hsien Kao, Kuei-Hsiang Lin, Yang-Chang Wu, Jinu-Huang Su
Journal	Life sciences (Life Sci) Vol. 72 Issue 25 Pg. 2853-61 (May 09 2003) ISSN: 0024-3205 [Print] Netherlands
PMID	12697268 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
Chemical References	Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic BAX protein, human Caspase Inhibitors Furans Lactones Proto-Oncogene Proteins Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 bcl-2-Associated X Protein annonacin CASP3 protein, human Caspase 3 Caspases Bromodeoxyuridine
Topics	Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic (pharmacology) Blotting, Western Bromodeoxyuridine Carcinoma, Transitional Cell (drug therapy, genetics, pathology) Caspase 3 Caspase Inhibitors Caspases (biosynthesis, genetics) Cell Survival (drug effects) Flow Cytometry Fluorescent Antibody Technique Furans (pharmacology) G1 Phase (drug effects) Humans Lactones (pharmacology) Proto-Oncogene Proteins (antagonists & inhibitors, biosynthesis, genetics) Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 Tumor Cells, Cultured Urinary Bladder Neoplasms (drug therapy, genetics, pathology) bcl-2-Associated X Protein

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