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Thirty-five cases of S-carboxymethylcysteine use in paraquat poisoning.

Abstract
The herbicide paraquat is associated with a high mortality rate. It produces multiorgan damage through the induction of acute oxidative stress, by generation of reactive oxygen species that cause oxidative damage to biomolecules. In addition to general supportive measures, the management of paraquat poisoning includes gastric washing, forced diuresis, haemodialysis and the use of antioxidants, such as N-acetylcysteine. However, this drug is rather unavailable in Venezuela and S-carboxymethylcysteine has been used. We report 35 patients with mild to severe paraquat poisoning, which beside standard supportive treatment received 1500 mg S-carboxymethylcysteine, up to 2-3 w. The mortality rate was 22.86% (8 deaths/35 cases) and was related to the severity of paraquat poisoning (as assessed by urine dithionite tests). We conclude that S-carboxymethylcysteine is a reliable alternative in managing patients with paraquat poisoning.
AuthorsNelly Lugo-Vallín, Idania Maradei-Irastorza, Carmine Pascuzzo-Lima, Manuel Ramírez-Sánchez, Claudia Montesinos
JournalVeterinary and human toxicology (Vet Hum Toxicol) Vol. 45 Issue 1 Pg. 45-6 (Feb 2003) ISSN: 0145-6296 [Print] United States
PMID12583701 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Expectorants
  • Herbicides
  • Carbocysteine
  • Paraquat
Topics
  • Adult
  • Carbocysteine (administration & dosage, therapeutic use)
  • Expectorants (administration & dosage, therapeutic use)
  • Female
  • Herbicides (poisoning)
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Medical Records
  • Paraquat (poisoning)
  • Poisoning (drug therapy, epidemiology, etiology, mortality, pathology)
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Venezuela (epidemiology)

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