Idiotype vaccination in multiple myeloma induced a reduction of circulating clonal tumor B cells.

Abstract

Myeloma cells express the idiotype (Id)-specific antigen that may be targeted by Id vaccination. Six patients with stage I IgG myeloma were immunized with the autologous purified M component together with the adjuvant cytokines interleukin 12 (IL-12) alone or in combination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). The effect of Id vaccination on circulating clonal tumor B cells was monitored by a real-time allele-specific oligonucleotide polymerase chain reaction method. No other treatment was given. Reduction of blood tumor mass was observed in 4 of 6 patients, with one patient achieving a complete molecular remission in blood. In 3 of these 4 patients an Id-specific T-cell response was induced. In the remaining 2 patients with an unchanged level of blood tumor cells, one patient mounted a T-cell response, whereas the other did not. No significant change in the serum M protein level was noted. Id vaccination may target clonal B cells, suggesting that this strategy might be conducive to achieving tumor control. The clinical significance of these findings remains to be established.

• Authors: Thomas Rasmussen, Lotta Hansson, Anders Osterborg, Hans Erik Johnsen, Håkan Mellstedt
• Journal: Blood (Blood) Vol. 101 Issue 11 Pg. 4607-10 (Jun 01 2003) ISSN: 0006-4971 [Print] United States
• PMID: 12576327 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Cancer Vaccines
• Cytokines
• Immunoglobulin Idiotypes
• Myeloma Proteins

Topics

• B-Lymphocytes (drug effects, pathology)
• Cancer Vaccines (pharmacology)
• Clone Cells (drug effects, pathology)
• Cytokines (administration & dosage, therapeutic use)
• Humans
• Immunization
• Immunoglobulin Idiotypes (pharmacology)
• Multiple Myeloma (pathology, therapy)
• Myeloma Proteins (administration & dosage, immunology, therapeutic use)
• Neoplastic Cells, Circulating (drug effects, pathology)
• Polymerase Chain Reaction (methods)
• Remission Induction (methods)
• T-Lymphocytes (immunology)
• Treatment Outcome