Estrogenic effects of phenolic compounds on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in MCF-7 cells and uterine glutathione peroxidase in rats.

Abstract

In this study, we tested phenolic compounds such as bisphenol A (BPA), 4-nonylphenol (NP), 4-octylphenol (OP) and 4-propylphenol (PP) by using glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) in estrogen sensitive human breast cancer cells (MCF-7 cells) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in female immature Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. This study was designed to investigate whether phenolic compounds have estrogenic effects in these useful screening methods for endocrine disruptors. We chose 6 h as the incubation period for the G6PD assay through a preliminary experiment using 17beta-estradiol (E2). Above the concentration of 1 x 10(-8) M, BPA significantly increased the G6PD activity in a concentration-dependent manner, relative to the control. NP (over the concentration of 1 x 10(-9) M) also enhanced the G6PD activity by about 1.8 times that of the control. OP produced weaker effects on G6PD than NP, and showed a tendency to increase the G6PD activity. PP did not affect the G6PD activity. These results show that BPA and NP have the effect of enhancing G6PD activities in MCF-7 cells. In the in vivo GPx assay, both BPA and E2 significantly increased the uterus wet weights and dramatically enhanced uterine GPx activities in immature female rats in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with NP (500 mg/kg/day) increased significantly both the uterine GPx activity and the uterus wet weights in immature female rats. OP (500 mg/kg/day) also caused a significant increase in uterine GPx activity, but had no effect on the uterus wet weights. This finding indicates that the change in uterine GPx activities could be a more sensitive parameter than that of uterus wet weights in immature rats. This study implies that phenolic compounds have a weak estrogenic effects.

• Authors: Kyu Bong Kim, Kyung Won Seo, Yun Jung Kim, Mijung Park, Chang Won Park, Pu Young Kim, Joo Il Kim, Sun Hee Lee
• Journal: Chemosphere (Chemosphere) Vol. 50 Issue 9 Pg. 1167-73 (Mar 2003) ISSN: 0045-6535 [Print] England
• PMID: 12547330 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Environmental Pollutants
• Estrogens, Non-Steroidal
• Phenols
• Estradiol
• Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase
• Glutathione Peroxidase

Topics

• Administration, Oral
• Animals
• Breast Neoplasms
• Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
• Environmental Pollutants (toxicity)
• Estradiol (toxicity)
• Estrogens, Non-Steroidal (toxicity)
• Female
• Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase (metabolism)
• Glutathione Peroxidase (metabolism)
• Humans
• Organ Size (drug effects)
• Phenols (toxicity)
• Rats
• Rats, Sprague-Dawley
• Tumor Cells, Cultured
• Uterus (drug effects, enzymology)