Induction of differentiation in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60) by the verticillin derivative Sch 52900.

Abstract	The HL-60 cell line, derived from a patient with acute promyelocytic leukemia, is a widely used model system to study the cellular and molecular events involved in differentiation of leukemic cells. In a screening for inducers of differentiation of HL-60 cells, cultures of Gliocladium strain 4-93 were found to produce Sch 52900, a previously isolated diketopiperazine (Chu et al,. J Antibiotics 48, 1440-1445). Sch 52900 induced the differentation of 50-69% of HL-60 cells at concentrations of 6.8-13.6 nM as measured by nitro-blue tetrazolium chloride (NBT) reduction which was followed by apoptosis as shown by DNA fragmentation. Our results demonstrate that growth arrest and the induction of differentiation by Sch 52900 is due to the induction of the cell cycle inhibitor p21WAF and an inhibition of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway which leads to the activation of the transcription factor AP-1.
Authors	Gerhard Erkel, Alexandra Gehrt, Timm Anke, Olov Sterner
Journal	Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung. C, Journal of biosciences (Z Naturforsch C J Biosci) 2002 Jul-Aug Vol. 57 Issue 7-8 Pg. 759-67 ISSN: 0939-5075 [Print] Germany
PMID	12241008 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References	Cytotoxins Indoles Luminescent Proteins Piperazines Recombinant Proteins Sch 52900 Transcription Factor AP-1 Green Fluorescent Proteins Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate
Topics	Apoptosis (drug effects) Cell Differentiation (drug effects) Cell Division (drug effects) Cell Survival (drug effects) Cytotoxins (chemistry, isolation & purification, metabolism, pharmacology) Genes, Reporter Gliocladium (physiology) Green Fluorescent Proteins HL-60 Cells Humans Indoles (chemistry, isolation & purification, metabolism, pharmacology) Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute Luminescent Proteins (genetics, metabolism) Molecular Structure Piperazines (chemistry, isolation & purification, metabolism, pharmacology) Plasmids Recombinant Proteins (metabolism) Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate (pharmacology) Transcription Factor AP-1 (genetics, metabolism) Transfection U937 Cells

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