Long lasting protection against canine kala-azar using the FML-QuilA saponin vaccine in an endemic area of Brazil (São Gonçalo do Amarante, RN).

Abstract

Naturally exposed dogs of an endemic area were vaccinated with the fucose mannose ligand (FML) antigen of Leishmania donovani in formulation with QuilA saponin. The 100% of vaccinees were seropositive to FML and showed intradermal reaction to L. donovani lysate, 2 months after vaccination. The absorbency values and size of intradermal reaction were both significantly higher in vaccinees than in controls along a 3.5 years period (ANOVA, P<0.0001). The 25% of the control animals (two dogs on the first year and six dogs on the fourth year, respectively) and 5% of the vaccinees (one dog during the fourth year) developed clinical and fatal disease until the end of experiment. This difference was significant (chi(2)=3.93, P<0.05). This means that 95% protection against kala-azar was achieved in vaccinees, after FML-QuilA vaccination (80% of vaccine efficacy (VE)). Leishmania infection was also confirmed, 3.5 years after vaccination, in saline controls that showed positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Leishmania DNA and FML-serology with no intradermal reaction. Higher seropositivities and intradermal reactions with no Leishmanial DNA were detected in vaccinees. The FML-QuilA vaccine induced a significant, long lasting and strong protective effect against canine kala-azar in the field.

• Authors: G P Borja-Cabrera, N N Correia Pontes, V O da Silva, E Paraguai de Souza, W R Santos, E M Gomes, K G Luz, M Palatnik, C B Palatnik de Sousa
• Journal: Vaccine (Vaccine) Vol. 20 Issue 27-28 Pg. 3277-84 (Sep 10 2002) ISSN: 0264-410X [Print] Netherlands
• PMID: 12213397 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Clinical Trial, Phase III, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Adjuvants, Immunologic
• Antibodies, Protozoan
• DNA, Protozoan
• Lectins
• Protozoan Proteins
• Protozoan Vaccines
• Quillaja Saponins
• Saponins
• fucose-binding lectin
• Quil A

Topics

• Adjuvants, Immunologic (administration & dosage)
• Animals
• Antibodies, Protozoan (blood)
• Brazil
• DNA, Protozoan (genetics, isolation & purification)
• Dog Diseases (immunology, parasitology, prevention & control)
• Dogs
• Humans
• Immunity, Cellular
• Lectins (administration & dosage, immunology)
• Leishmania donovani (genetics, immunology)
• Leishmaniasis, Visceral (immunology, parasitology, prevention & control, veterinary)
• Protozoan Proteins (administration & dosage, immunology)
• Protozoan Vaccines (administration & dosage)
• Quillaja Saponins
• Saponins (administration & dosage)