The aim of this study was to investigate
cytokine expression patterns in the large intestinal mucosa of horses, particularly in diseases associated with
inflammation. Many cases of equine
colitis remain without a definitive diagnosis and survival rates are poor. In humans,
colitis is associated with increased expression of pro-inflammatory
cytokines. To examine if similar responses occur in horses, we investigated il -2, il -4, il -5, il -10,
tnfalpha, ifngamma and
tgfbeta messenger rna expression in large intestinal mucosa. Samples were obtained from animals with large
intestinal disease (n=15) or from horses which had different levels of cyathostomin
infection (n=9) and analysed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. il -2 was detected at all sites, whilst il -4 was detected at all but one site. The presence of il -10, il -5, ifngamma and
tgfbeta varied with no significant differences amongst groups (P>0.4). Detection of
tnfalpha was significantly different between the group of horses that had infiltrative
inflammatory bowel disease and those with larval cyathostominosis (P=0.028) and those that were helminth negative (P=0.014). These results indicate a possible role for
tnfalpha in the pathogenesis of equine infiltrative
inflammatory bowel disease.