Primary chemoprevention of familial adenomatous polyposis with sulindac.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Familial adenomatous polyposis is caused by a germ-line mutation in the adenomatous polyposis coli gene and is characterized by the development of hundreds of colorectal adenomas and, eventually, colorectal cancer. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs can cause regression of adenomas, but whether they can prevent adenomas is unknown.

METHODS:

We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 41 young subjects (age range, 8 to 25 years) who were genotypically affected with familial adenomatous polyposis but phenotypically unaffected. The subjects received either 75 or 150 mg of sulindac orally twice a day or identical-appearing placebo tablets for 48 months. The number and size of new adenomas and side effects of therapy were evaluated every four months for four years, and the levels of five major prostaglandins were serially measured in biopsy specimens of normal-appearing colorectal mucosa.

RESULTS:

After four years of treatment, the average rate of compliance exceeded 76 percent in the sulindac group, and mucosal prostaglandin levels were lower in this group than in the placebo group. During the course of the study, adenomas developed in 9 of 21 subjects (43 percent) in the sulindac group and 11 of 20 subjects in the placebo group (55 percent) (P=0.54). There were no significant differences in the mean number (P=0.69) or size (P=0.17) of polyps between the groups. Sulindac did not slow the development of adenomas, according to an evaluation involving linear longitudinal methods.

CONCLUSIONS:

Standard doses of sulindac did not prevent the development of adenomas in subjects with familial adenomatous polyposis.

• Authors: Francis M Giardiello, Vincent W Yang, Linda M Hylind, Anne J Krush, Gloria M Petersen, Jill D Trimbath, Steven Piantadosi, Elizabeth Garrett, Deborah E Geiman, Walter Hubbard, G Johan A Offerhaus, Stanley R Hamilton
• Journal: The New England journal of medicine (N Engl J Med) Vol. 346 Issue 14 Pg. 1054-9 (Apr 04 2002) ISSN: 1533-4406 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 11932472 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
• Antineoplastic Agents
• Prostaglandins
• Sulindac
• Thromboxane B2

Topics

• Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (genetics, prevention & control)
• Adolescent
• Adult
• Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Antineoplastic Agents (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Child
• Double-Blind Method
• Female
• Genes, APC
• Humans
• Male
• Mutation
• Patient Compliance
• Prostaglandins (analysis)
• Rectum (chemistry, pathology)
• Regression Analysis
• Sulindac (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Thromboxane B2 (analysis)