To guide the administration of fat
emulsion in the
nutritional support of
acute renal failure (ARF), pharmacokinetic analysis with an one-compartment open model after bolus
intravenous injection was performed to compare the elimination kinetics of long-chain
triglycerides (LCT) and medium-chain
triglycerides (MCT) in ischemic
acute renal failure rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into four groups, namely LCT normal group, LCT ARF group, MCT normal group and MCT ARF group. The model of ischemic
acute renal failure was induced by clamping the left renal artery for 60 min and contralateral
nephrectomy. All the rats were fasted with water ad libitum for 10 h before 0.3 g/kg
body weight of 10%
Intralipid (LCT) or 10%
Lipofundin (MCT: LCT = 50:50) was injected as a bolus to them via the tail vein. The serum
triglyceride concentration was determined at 2, 10, 40, 70, 100, 130 and 160 min after
intravenous injection for kinetic analysis. The results showed that the elimination rate constant (ke) of LCT ARF group was significantly decreased, while the half life period (t1/2) of it was significantly longer than those of LCT normal group. The ke and t1/2 of MCT showed no statistical difference between normal and ARF groups. In the normal group the ke of LCT was significantly decreased compared with MCT whereas the t1/2 was significantly prolonged. In the ARF group the ke of LCT was much less than that of MCT while the t1/2 was much longer. The serum
insulin levels of both MCT groups were significantly higher than those of LCT groups. These results indicate that MCT will be eliminated more rapidly than LCT in ARF rats. MCT may also increase the secretion of
insulin. In conclusion, MCT may be more favorable than LCT in the nutritional management of ARF.