Bovine seminal ribonuclease (
BS-RNase) is an antitumoral active
enzyme exhibiting specific antitumoral action against a number of different
cancer cell lines. However, its systemic use is limited by its pharmacokinetic properties and antigenicity. Therefore, it was conjugated to
polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains to overcome these problems. Measurement of aspermatogenic effects of the preparation after s.c. injection and injection into the scrotum was chosen as a model for the distribution of the
enzyme in the body mediated by the linkage to PEG chains. Additionally, the antigenicity of
BS-RNase coupled to PEG chains (
BS-RNase-PEG) was compared to that of free
BS-RNase, as antigenicity is known to be one of the main obstacles in the use of
protein-based drugs.
BS-RNase-PEG caused aspermatogenic effects after systemic administration to mice in very low concentrations at which free
BS-RNase is not effective. Moreover,
BS-RNase possessed a very low antigenicity as long as it was coupled to the PEG chains. In order to investigate the antitumoral efficacy of
BS-RNase-PEG in vivo, preliminary experiments on the effect of the conjugate on
neuroblastoma growth in mice were performed in a UKF-NB-3 xeno-transplantate model, demonstrating a drastically increased anti-tumoral activity of the conjugate compared to the free
enzyme.