The aim of this study was to assess the early insulin secretion and
insulin action of healthy non-diabetic Hispanic-Mexican subjects with and without family history of
Type 2 diabetes (
FHD). One hundred and twenty non-relative subjects were compared against 115 first-degree relatives of individuals with
Type 2 diabetes. To assign the subjects to the correspondent group, the
FHD was carefully ascertained by clinical examination of the participants' parents. Age and gender were matched criteria. Incomplete or unclear data about
FHD, previous diagnosis of diabetes or
chronic diseases were exclusion criteria. Subjects in both groups were required to have fasting
glucose <6.1 mmol/l, and 2-h PG<7.7 mmol/l.
Insulin action and secretion were estimated by HOMA (homeostasis model
insulin analysis resistance index) and insulinogenic index, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed an independent relationship between BMI and
insulin resistance (HOMA score >5.0) (odds ratio, OR, 1.42, p=0.03), and between
FHD and
insulin resistance (OR 1.27, p=0.04). On the other hand, there was a strong and independent relationship between
FHD and high early insulin secretion (insulinogenic index >0.72) (OR 1.64, p=0.01) but not between BMI and high early insulin secretion (OR 0.93, p=0.3). Healthy Mexican first-degree relatives of subjects with
Type 2 diabetes show an independent relationship between
FHD and both high early
insulin response and decreased
insulin action, whereas BMI was only related to
insulin resistance.