Molecular basis of hypoxia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction: role of voltage-gated K+ channels.

Abstract

The hypoxia-induced membrane depolarization and subsequent constriction of small resistance pulmonary arteries occurs, in part, via inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cell voltage-gated K+ (KV) channels open at the resting membrane potential. Pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell KV channel expression, antibody-based dissection of the pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell K+ current, and the O2 sensitivity of cloned KV channels expressed in heterologous expression systems have all been examined to identify the molecular components of the pulmonary arterial O2-sensitive KV current. Likely components include Kv2.1/Kv9.3 and Kv1.2/Kv1.5 heteromeric channels and the Kv3.1b alpha-subunit. Although the mechanism of KV channel inhibition by hypoxia is unknown, it appears that KV alpha-subunits do not sense O2 directly. Rather, they are most likely inhibited through interaction with an unidentified O2 sensor and/or beta-subunit. This review summarizes the role of KV channels in hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, the recent progress toward the identification of KV channel subunits involved in this response, and the possible mechanisms of KV channel regulation by hypoxia.

• Authors: E A Coppock, J R Martens, M M Tamkun
• Journal: American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology (Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol) Vol. 281 Issue 1 Pg. L1-12 (Jul 2001) ISSN: 1040-0605 [Print] United States
• PMID: 11404238 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S., Review)

Chemical References

• Potassium Channels

Topics

• Animals
• Electrophysiology
• Hypoxia (physiopathology)
• Ion Channel Gating (physiology)
• Potassium Channels (physiology)
• Pulmonary Circulation
• Vasoconstriction