Abstract |
Nitrogen dioxide (*NO2) is commonly known as an indoor and outdoor air pollutant. Inhalation of *NO2 is associated with epithelial cell injury, inflammation, and the aggravation of asthma. *NO2 can also be formed during inflammation, by the metabolism of nitric oxide. We describe a gas-phase exposure system for in vitro exposure of lung epithelial cells to *NO2. Immunofluorescence revealed 3-nitrotyrosine immunoreactivity of rat alveolar type II epithelial cells exposed to 5 parts per million of *NO2 for 4 h. Comparative analysis of log-phase and confluent cultures demonstrated that cell death occurred extensively in log-phase cells, whereas minimal death was observed in confluent cultures. Peroxynitrite (ONOO-) or the ONOO- generator 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) caused similar amounts of death. Further, exposure of wounded cell cultures to *NO(2) or SIN-1 revealed that death was restricted to cells repopulating a wounded area. Cycloheximide or actinomycin D, inhibitors or protein and messenger RNA synthesis, respectively, significantly reduced terminal transferase reactivity, suggesting that a new protein(s) may be required for cell death. These results suggest that during restitution after pulmonary injury, epithelium may be sensitive to cell death by reactive nitrogen species.
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Authors | R L Persinger, W M Blay, N H Heintz, D R Hemenway, Y M Janssen-Heininger |
Journal | American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
(Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol)
Vol. 24
Issue 5
Pg. 583-90
(May 2001)
ISSN: 1044-1549 [Print] United States |
PMID | 11350828
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)
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Chemical References |
- Culture Media, Conditioned
- DNA, Single-Stranded
- Nitrates
- Nitric Oxide Donors
- Nitrites
- peroxynitric acid
- linsidomine
- Molsidomine
- Nitrogen Dioxide
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Topics |
- Cell Count
- Cell Death
(drug effects)
- Cells, Cultured
- Culture Media, Conditioned
- DNA, Single-Stranded
(metabolism)
- In Situ Nick-End Labeling
- Lung
(cytology, drug effects, metabolism)
- Molsidomine
(analogs & derivatives, pharmacology)
- Nitrates
(metabolism, pharmacology)
- Nitric Oxide Donors
(pharmacology)
- Nitrites
(metabolism)
- Nitrogen Dioxide
(pharmacology)
- Oxidative Stress
(drug effects)
- Respiratory Mucosa
(cytology, drug effects, metabolism)
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