Abstract |
While it is well established that cellular activation can increase human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication in T lymphocytes, it is also clear that both activated CD8+ and CD4+ T lymphocytes mediate anti-HIV activity. To assess the relative importance of these contrary effects on HIV replication in vivo, we evaluated the consequences of Mycobacterium bovis BCG and staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) inoculation in vivo in rhesus monkeys chronically infected with simian immunodeficiency virus of macaques (SIVmac). BCG inoculation induced as much as a 2.5-log reduction of plasma and intracellular SIV RNA in SIVmac-infected monkeys. This down-regulation of virus replication persisted as long as 4 weeks after BCG inoculation. Similarly, SEB injection resulted in up to a 3-log decrease in plasma and intracellular SIV RNA in SIVmac-infected macaques. Interestingly, the short-term reduction of viremia in these monkeys correlated with the peak in vivo production of SEB- and BCG-induced cytokine responses. However, no long-term clinical benefit was observed in the SIVmac-infected macaques. These studies provide in vivo evidence that potent T-cell stimulation driven by antigens other than the virus itself can, under some circumstances, mediate short-term reduction of viremia in AIDS virus-infected individuals.
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Authors | Z W Chen, Y Shen, D Zhou, M Simon, Z Kou, D Lee-Parritz, L Shen, P Sehgal, N L Letvin |
Journal | Journal of virology
(J Virol)
Vol. 75
Issue 10
Pg. 4713-20
(May 2001)
ISSN: 0022-538X [Print] United States |
PMID | 11312343
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)
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Chemical References |
- Enterotoxins
- RNA, Viral
- Superantigens
- enterotoxin B, staphylococcal
- Interferon-gamma
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Topics |
- Animals
- Enterotoxins
(immunology)
- Interferon-gamma
(metabolism)
- Lymphocyte Activation
(immunology)
- Macaca mulatta
- Mycobacterium bovis
(immunology)
- RNA, Viral
(blood)
- Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
(immunology, microbiology, virology)
- Simian Immunodeficiency Virus
(genetics, physiology)
- Staphylococcus aureus
(immunology)
- Superantigens
(immunology)
- T-Lymphocytes
(immunology, microbiology, virology)
- Th1 Cells
(immunology)
- Virus Replication
(immunology)
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