HLA alleles and IDDM in children in Hungary: a comparison with Finland.

Abstract	It has been postulated that variation in the distribution of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-encoded susceptibility alleles for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is the genetic basis for variation in the incidence of the disease between populations. The aim of this study was to characterize HLA-encoded susceptibility to IDDM in Hungary and to identify whether HLA-DRB1/DQ-encoded susceptibility could account for the five times lower incidence of disease in Hungary compared with Finland. The haplotypes DRB103-DQA105-DQB102 (DRB103-DQ2) and DRB104-DQA10301-DQB10302 (DRB104-DQ8) were significantly associated with disease in both populations. Three genotypes incorporating either or both of these haplotypes accounted for over 70% of the diabetic population in both races. The combined background frequency and the degree of risk as measured by odds ratios of these HLA-DRB1-DQ genotypes were not significantly different in the two countries. Comparison of the DRB1*0401-DQ8 haplotype between the two races suggested a role for HLA-B alleles in susceptibility. These data indicate that the susceptibility associated with high risk DRB1-DQ genotypes alone is insufficient to account for the fivefold variation in incidence of IDDM between Hungary and Finland. Other genetic and/or environmental influences must be involved.
Authors	R Hermann, C H Mijovic, M Rayner, N Croft, M A Kelly, D Jenkins, G Soltész, A H Barnett
Journal	Human immunology (Hum Immunol) Vol. 62 Issue 4 Pg. 391-8 (Apr 2001) ISSN: 0198-8859 [Print] United States
PMID	11295472 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References	HLA-DQ Antigens HLA-DQ alpha-Chains HLA-DQ beta-Chains HLA-DQA1 antigen HLA-DQB1 antigen HLA-DR Antigens HLA-DRB1 Chains HLA-DRB1*04:01 antigen
Topics	Alleles Child Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 (epidemiology, genetics, immunology) Female Finland (epidemiology) Gene Frequency Genotype HLA-DQ Antigens (classification, genetics) HLA-DQ alpha-Chains HLA-DQ beta-Chains HLA-DR Antigens (classification, genetics) HLA-DRB1 Chains Haplotypes Humans Hungary (epidemiology) Incidence Male Risk Factors

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