A new cause of renal thrombotic microangiopathy: yttrium 90-DOTATOC internal radiotherapy.

Abstract

The chelator somatostatin analogue dota-D-phe(1)-tyr(3)-octreotide (DOTATOC), which is stably labeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope yttrium 90 ((90)Y), is used as internal radiotherapy for the treatment of patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumors. We report 5 patients who developed chronic renal failure, caused in 3 patients by biopsy-proven thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). Twenty-nine patients (14 men, 15 women) with normal renal function before therapy were treated with divided intravenous doses of (90)Y-DOTATOC approximately 6 weeks apart (mean normalized cumulative dose, 165.4 +/- 36.4 mCi/m(2)). Twenty-two of 29 patients were administered a normalized cumulative dose of 200 mCi/m(2) without side effects. Among the 7 patients (6 women, 1 man) administered a normalized cumulative dose greater than 200 mCi/m(2), 5 patients (4 women, 1 man) developed renal failure. Increasing serum creatinine levels were observed within 3 months after the last (90)Y-DOTATOC injection. The evolution was rapidly progressive in 3 patients, resulting in end-stage renal failure within 6 months. The remaining 2 patients developed chronic renal insufficiency (mean serum creatinine level, 300 micromol/L an average 16 months after the end of treatment). Renal biopsies performed in 3 patients showed typical signs of TMA involving glomeruli, arterioles, and small arteries. Patients treated with high-dose (90)Y-DOTATOC internal radiotherapy (cumulative dose > 200 mCi/m(2)) are at high risk to develop severe renal failure caused by TMA lesions. The histopathologic lesions are identical to those found after external radiotherapy, which suggests a causal relationship between (90)Y-DOTATOC and renal TMA.

• Authors: S Moll, V Nickeleit, J Mueller-Brand, F P Brunner, H R Maecke, M J Mihatsch
• Journal: American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation (Am J Kidney Dis) Vol. 37 Issue 4 Pg. 847-51 (Apr 2001) ISSN: 1523-6838 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 11273886 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Yttrium Radioisotopes
• Octreotide
• Edotreotide

Topics

• Biopsy
• Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine (radiotherapy)
• Female
• Humans
• Kidney (blood supply, pathology)
• Kidney Diseases (etiology)
• Kidney Failure, Chronic (etiology, pathology)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Octreotide (adverse effects, analogs & derivatives, therapeutic use)
• Radiation Injuries (etiology, pathology)
• Thrombosis (etiology, pathology)
• Yttrium Radioisotopes (adverse effects, therapeutic use)