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Comparison of granisetron, droperidol, and metoclopramide for prevention of postoperative vomiting in children with a history of motion sickness undergoing tonsillectomy.

AbstractBACKGROUND/PURPOSE:
A history of motion sickness is one of the patient-related factors associated with postoperative vomiting (POV). This study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of granisetron, droperidol, and metoclopramide for the prevention of POV after tonsillectomy in children with a history of motion sickness.
METHODS:
In a prospective, randomized, double-blinded trial, 90 pediatric patients, aged 4 to 10 years, received granisetron, 40 microg/kg; droperidol, 50 microg/kg; or metoclopramide, 0.25 mg/kg (n = 30 of each) intravenously after an inhalation induction of anesthesia. Emetic episodes and safety assessments were performed during the first 24 hours after anesthesia.
RESULTS:
Twenty-two of 30 patients (73%) who had received granisetron were emesis free during the first 24 hours after surgery as compared with 7 of 30 (23%) who had received droperidol (P <.05) or 6 of 30 (20%) who had received metoclopramide (P <.05). No clinically serious adverse events were observed in any of the groups.
CONCLUSION:
Prophylactic therapy with granisetron is superior to droperidol or metoclopramide for the prevention of POV after tonsillectomy in children with a history of motion sickness.
AuthorsY Fujii, H Tanaka
JournalJournal of pediatric surgery (J Pediatr Surg) Vol. 36 Issue 3 Pg. 460-2 (Mar 2001) ISSN: 0022-3468 [Print] United States
PMID11226996 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Comparative Study, Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial)
Chemical References
  • Antiemetics
  • Metoclopramide
  • Droperidol
  • Granisetron
Topics
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Antiemetics (therapeutic use)
  • Child, Preschool
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Droperidol (therapeutic use)
  • Female
  • Granisetron (therapeutic use)
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Injections, Intravenous
  • Intraoperative Care
  • Male
  • Metoclopramide (therapeutic use)
  • Motion Sickness
  • Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (prevention & control)
  • Prospective Studies
  • Statistics, Nonparametric
  • Tonsillectomy

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