Lidocaine for prevention of reperfusion ventricular fibrillation after release of aortic cross-clamping.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To determine the efficacy of a bolus of lidocaine administered by way of the pump before releasing the aortic cross-clamp (ACC) in preventing the occurrence of reperfusion ventricular fibrillation.

DESIGN:

Prospective, randomized study.

SETTING:

University hospital.

PARTICIPANTS:

Patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (n = 34).

INTERVENTIONS:

Seventeen patients received 100 mg of lidocaine by way of the pump 2 minutes before releasing the ACC, and a control group of 17 patients received 5 mL of normal saline.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:

In the control group, the incidence of reperfusion ventricular fibrillation was 70%, which was significantly decreased to 11% in the lidocaine group. A higher cardiac output after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass was observed in the lidocaine group; this may be attributed to the lower incidence of reperfusion ventricular fibrillation and consequently the lower need for defibrillation by electric countershocks.

CONCLUSIONS:

The results suggest that a bolus of 100 mg of lidocaine administered 2 minutes before release of the ACC can safely decrease the incidence of reperfusion ventricular fibrillation and is associated with better hemodynamics after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass.

• Authors: A Baraka, N Kawkabani, A Dabbous, M Nawfal
• Journal: Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia (J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth) Vol. 14 Issue 5 Pg. 531-3 (Oct 2000) ISSN: 1053-0770 [Print] United States
• PMID: 11052433 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial)

Chemical References

• Anti-Arrhythmia Agents
• Lidocaine

Topics

• Adult
• Aged
• Anti-Arrhythmia Agents (therapeutic use)
• Coronary Artery Bypass (adverse effects)
• Female
• Hemodynamics (drug effects)
• Humans
• Lidocaine (therapeutic use)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Myocardial Reperfusion Injury (prevention & control)
• Prospective Studies
• Ventricular Fibrillation (prevention & control)