| Abstract | Adjuvant antiestrogen (AE) therapy has been proposed for all women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). However, many cases of DCIS are of the high-grade, estrogen receptor (ER)-negative subtype that are unlikely to respond to AE treatment. Hormonal agents work by increasing apoptosis and/or decreasing cell proliferation; therefore, we studied the effect of a pure AE on levels of apoptosis and proliferation in human DCIS xenografts using an in vivo model. Women (n = 23) with mammographic microcalcification suggestive of DCIS were identified at the time of surgery (day 0), a sample of representative tissue was obtained, divided into multiple 2x2x1-mm xenografts, and implanted s.c. into female BALB/c nu/nu mice (eight xenografts/mouse). Day 0 grafts underwent immunohistochemical assessment of ER status. Fourteen days after implantation, four xenografts were retrieved and mice were randomly divided into one of three treatment groups: (a) insertion of a slow release 2-mg 17beta-estradiol pellet; (b) weekly 5-mg injections of the pure AE Faslodex (Zeneca Pharmaceuticals); and (c) injections of a control vehicle oil alone. After 2 weeks of treatment, the remaining four xenografts were retrieved from each mouse. Retrieved xenografts containing DCIS were assessed for morphological evidence of apoptotic cell death [apoptotic index (AI)] and cell proliferation (by immunohistochemical detection of the Ki67 proliferation antigen LI). Both AI and LI were higher in the day 0 specimens of 16 ER- DCIS lesions compared with 7 ER+ DCIS lesions (mean values, 1.47% versus 0.32% and 20.6% versus 3.1%; both P<0.0001). AI and LI values within ER- DCIS did not differ between xenografts exposed to 17beta-estradiol or AE treatment compared with the controls or pretreatment values (mean AI and LI in estradiol-treated, antiestrogen-treated, and control groups 1.04% versus 0.98% versus 1.29% and 17.2% versus 20.5% versus 17.7% respectively). In contrast, treatment of mice bearing ER+ DCIS xenografts with 17beta-estradiol raised both the AI (1.03% versus 0.40%, P = 0.03) and LI (11.0% versus 5.1%, P = 0.007) compared with controls. AE therapy of ER+ DCIS xenografts did not affect proliferation but resulted in higher apoptosis than in controls (0.9% versus 0.4% respectively, P = 0.04). AE therapy should be reserved for patients with estrogen receptor positive DCIS. |
| Authors | A Gandhi, P A Holland, W F Knox, C S Potten, N J Bundred
(Affiliation: University Department of Surgery, University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.)
|
| Journal | Cancer research
(Cancer Res)
Vol. 60
Issue 15
Pg. 4284-8
(Aug 1 2000)
ISSN: 0008-5472 UNITED STATES |
| PMID | 10945643
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
|
| Chemical References |
- Antineoplastic Agents
- Estrogen Receptor Modulators
- Receptors, Estrogen
- fulvestrant
- Estradiol
|
| Topics |
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents
(pharmacology)
- Apoptosis
(drug effects)
- Breast Neoplasms
(drug therapy, pathology, surgery)
- Carcinoma in Situ
(drug therapy, pathology, surgery)
- Cell Division
(drug effects)
- Estradiol
(analogs & derivatives, pharmacology)
- Estrogen Receptor Modulators
(pharmacology)
- Female
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Receptors, Estrogen
(physiology)
- Transplantation, Heterologous
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