Clozapine-induced hypersalivation.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To review underlying pathophysiology and possible treatments for clozapine-induced hypersalivation.

DATA SOURCES:

Primary literature was accessed through MEDLINE (1966-May 1999). Key search terms included clozapine, hypersalivation, sialorrhea, and treatment.

DATA SYNTHESIS:

Hypersalivation occurs in up to 54% of patients receiving clozapine. An evaluation of studies and case reports focusing on management of clozapine-induced hypersalivation was conducted.

CONCLUSIONS:

It is unclear whether clozapine increases salivation through its muscarinic M4 receptor activation and/or blockade of alpha2-adrenoceptors, or by causing a distortion in swallowing reflex. Treatment options include chewing gum, reducing the dosage of clozapine, or prescribing pharmacologic agents such as anticholinergics or alpha2-adrenoceptor agonists.

• Authors: L Davydov, S R Botts
• Journal: The Annals of pharmacotherapy (Ann Pharmacother) Vol. 34 Issue 5 Pg. 662-5 (May 2000) ISSN: 1060-0280 [Print] United States
• PMID: 10852096 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)

Chemical References

• Adrenergic Agonists
• Antipsychotic Agents
• Cholinergic Antagonists
• Clozapine

Topics

• Adrenergic Agonists (therapeutic use)
• Antipsychotic Agents (adverse effects)
• Cholinergic Antagonists (therapeutic use)
• Clozapine (adverse effects)
• Drug Monitoring
• Humans
• Sialorrhea (chemically induced, drug therapy, physiopathology)