In some cases it is difficult to define an etiology of lung tumour in the other way than
thoracotomy. In these diagnostic difficulties patients with tuberculous tumour are also involved. The aim of the present study was to define if A60-ELISA test, a new valuable tool in the diagnosis of
tuberculosis, might be useful in the differential diagnosing of lung tumours. The levels of
IgG antibodies against A60
antigen of mycobacteria was measured with the use of the ELISA test. 228 persons were enrolled into the study: 58 healthy controls (Group I), 26 nonmalignant and nontuberculous patients (Group II), 56 patients with the diagnosis of
pulmonary tuberculosis bacteriologically confirmed (Group III), 54
pulmonary tuberculosis patients culture negative (Group IV), 16 patients with lung tumour, without histologic diagnosis before
thoracotomy (Group V) and 18 patients with defined diagnosis of
lung cancer (Group VI). By using 200 U/ml as a cut-off point the test was positive in: 2/58 subjects from Group I, 2/26 from Group II, 44/56 from Group III, 31/54 from Group IV, 3/16 from Group V and 0/18 from Group VI. In three patients from group V having positive result of A60-ELISA test
pulmonary tuberculosis was diagnosed when the
thoracotomy was performed. We conclude that the new, simple, noninvasive and inexpensive A60-ELISA test migt be the useful tool in the differential diagnosing of lung tumours because of its good sensitivity and specificity in
pulmonary tuberculosis. We also consider that in lung tumour patients with the positive result of this test the prophylactic antituberculosis treatment have to be ordered before planned
thoracotomy.