Spontaneous
lymphomas occur at high frequency in NFS x V+ mice, strains congenic for ecotropic murine leukemia virus (MuLV) proviral genes and expressing virus at high titer. In the present study, a total of 703 NFS x V+
lymphomas were studied by histopathology, immunophenotypic analysis,
immunoglobulin heavy chain or
T cell receptor beta chain rearrangements, and somatic ecotropic MuLV integrations; 90% of the
lymphomas tested were of B cell lineage. Low-grade
tumors included small lymphocytic, follicular, and splenic marginal zone
lymphomas, while high-grade
tumors comprised diffuse large-cell (centroblastic and immunoblastic types), splenic marginal zone, and lymphoblastic
lymphomas. Comparison of mice of similar genetic background except for presence (NFS x V+) or absence (NFS x V-) of functional ecotropic MuLV genomes showed that NFS x V-clonal
lymphomas developed at about one-half the rate of those occurring in NFS x V+ mice, and most were low-grade
B cell lymphomas with extended latent periods. In NFS x V+ mice, clonal outgrowth, defined by Ig gene rearrangements, was associated with acquisition of somatic ecotropic proviral integrations, suggesting that, although generation of B cell clones can be virus independent, ecotropic virus may act to increase the rate of generation of clones and speed their evolution to
lymphoma. The mechanism remains undefined, because only rare rearrangements were detected in several cellular loci previously associated with MuLV insertional mutagenesis.