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HIV-1 protease inhibitor-associated partial lipodystrophy: clinicopathologic review of 14 cases.

AbstractBACKGROUND:
A novel type of acquired partial lipodystrophy resulting from chronic treatment with HIV-1 protease inhibitor drugs has recently been described.
OBJECTIVE:
We studied the clinical and histopathologic features of a series of patients with HIV-1 protease inhibitor-associated lipodystrophy to evaluate the frequency of associated abnormalities.
METHODS:
The study group consisted of 14 consecutive HIV-infected patients receiving treatment with HIV-1 protease inhibitors, who experienced partial lipodystrophy. Clinical (including anthropometric data) and histopathologic findings, as well as biochemical and virologic data, were evaluated.
RESULTS:
A significant loss of fat in the face and extremities was associated with fat deposition on the abdomen, breast, and dorsocervical fat pad. Central obesity was frequently present. Histopathologic features disclosed a peculiar type of involutional lipodystrophy. Hypertriglyceridemia was detected in 78.5% of patients. Low serum levels of cholesterol-high-density lipoprotein and high cholesterol-very-low-density lipoprotein were noted. Hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, or hyperinsulinemia were occasionally detected.
CONCLUSION:
HIV-1 protease inhibitor-associated lipodystrophy represents a new entity with peculiar clinical and histopathologic features. Metabolic associated abnormalities may imply a risk of future atherogenic complications.
AuthorsR M Pujol, P Domingo, Xavier-Matias-Guiu, E Francia, M A Sanbeat, A Alomar, G Vazquez
JournalJournal of the American Academy of Dermatology (J Am Acad Dermatol) Vol. 42 Issue 2 Pt 1 Pg. 193-8 (Feb 2000) ISSN: 0190-9622 [Print] United States
PMID10642672 (Publication Type: Case Reports, Journal Article)
Chemical References
  • Protease Inhibitors
Topics
  • Adult
  • Anthropometry
  • Body Composition
  • Female
  • HIV Infections (drug therapy)
  • HIV-1
  • Humans
  • Lipodystrophy (chemically induced, pathology)
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Obesity (chemically induced)
  • Protease Inhibitors (adverse effects, therapeutic use)

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