Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia among persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus.

Abstract

Two hundred eleven adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia, including Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP; patients), and 192 matched HIV-infected hospitalized patients without pneumonia (controls) were interviewed to determine risk factors for pneumonia. Multivariate logistic regression showed that patients were less likely than controls to have used trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) prophylaxis (odds ratio [OR], 0.22; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.12-0.41) and more likely to have been hospitalized previously with pneumonia (OR, 6.25; CI, 3.40-11.5). Patients were also more likely than controls to have gardened (OR, 2.24; CI, 1.00-5.02) and to have camped or hiked (OR, 4.95; CI, 1.31-18.7), but stratified analysis by etiologic agent showed this association only for PCP. These findings reconfirm the efficacy of TMP-SMZ in preventing community-acquired pneumonia. In addition, hospitalization for pneumonia might represent a missed opportunity to encourage HIV-infected patients to enter into regular medical care and to adhere to prescribed antiretroviral and prophylaxis medications.

• Authors: T R Navin, D Rimland, J L Lennox, J Jernigan, M Cetron, A Hightower, J M Roberts, J E Kaplan
• Journal: The Journal of infectious diseases (J Infect Dis) Vol. 181 Issue 1 Pg. 158-64 (Jan 2000) ISSN: 0022-1899 [Print] United States
• PMID: 10608762 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination

Topics

• Adult
• Community-Acquired Infections (etiology, prevention & control)
• Female
• HIV Infections (complications)
• Humans
• Logistic Models
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Pneumonia (etiology, prevention & control)
• Pneumonia, Pneumocystis (etiology, prevention & control)
• Risk Factors
• Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination (therapeutic use)