A CXC chemokine receptor, CXCR5/BLR1, is a novel and specific coreceptor for human immunodeficiency virus type 2.

Abstract

G protein-coupled receptors serve as coreceptors in the infection process of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1), type-2 (HIV-2), and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). In this study, we showed that a CXC-CKR, CXCR5/BLR1, is a novel coreceptor for HIV-2, but for neither HIV-1 nor SIV. The expression of CXCR5 was detected by polymerase chain reaction after reverse transcription of cellular mRNA from S+L-HOS/CD4 cells and MT-2 human T cells, and the CXCR5 gene was cloned into an expression vector. S+L-HOS/CD4 cells were susceptible to several HIV-2 strains but not most HIV-1 strains. To examine a coreceptor activity of CXCR5, we used NP-2/CD4, which is a human glioma cell line, NP-2, transduced with the CD4 gene that shows strict resistance to infection with HIV-1, HIV-2, SIVmac, SIVagm, or SIVmnd strain. When CXCR5 was transduced into NP-2/CD4 cells, they became highly susceptible to HIV-2ROD and HIV-2CBL23 strains in a CD4-dependent manner but to not to HIV-1 or SIV strains. Anti-CXCR5 monoclonal antibody and a ligand for CXCR5, BCA-1, inhibited HIV-2 infection to NP-2/CD4/CXCR5 cells. Our findings suggest a possibility that CXCR5/BLR1 serves as a coreceptor for HIV-2 strains in vivo.

• Authors: K Kanbe, N Shimizu, Y Soda, K Takagishi, H Hoshino
• Journal: Virology (Virology) Vol. 265 Issue 2 Pg. 264-73 (Dec 20 1999) ISSN: 0042-6822 [Print] United States
• PMID: 10600598 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright 1999 Academic Press.

Chemical References

• Antibodies, Monoclonal
• CD4 Antigens
• CXCR5 protein, human
• Ligands
• Receptors, CXCR4
• Receptors, CXCR5
• Receptors, Chemokine
• Receptors, Cytokine
• Receptors, HIV

Topics

• Animals
• Antibodies, Monoclonal (immunology)
• CD4 Antigens (genetics, metabolism)
• Cell Line, Transformed
• Cloning, Molecular
• Flow Cytometry
• Gene Expression
• Giant Cells
• HIV-1 (physiology)
• HIV-2 (growth & development, metabolism)
• Humans
• Ligands
• Receptors, CXCR4 (genetics)
• Receptors, CXCR5
• Receptors, Chemokine (genetics, immunology, metabolism)
• Receptors, Cytokine (genetics, immunology, metabolism)
• Receptors, HIV (genetics, immunology, metabolism)
• Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (physiology)
• Transfection
• Tumor Cells, Cultured