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[Premature ovarian insufficiency].

Abstract
Premature ovarian failure is defined as amenorrhea with hypo-oestrogenism and elevated gonadotrophins occurring before the age of 40 years. In theory, ovarian failure may occur because of a decreased pool of primordial follicles, because ovarian apoptosis is increased or accelerated or because the follicle maturation is interrupted before the preovulatory stage. The mechanisms inducing premature ovarian failure have been described in a few number of cases. Atm or c-kit gene mutations induce a very low pool of primordial follicles. In chromosome X abnormalities, chemotherapy, galactosemia and blepharophimosis syndrome apoptosis is increased. Follicle maturation is interrupted in FSH and LH receptor mutations or in autoimmunity. However, in most cases, the etiology remains idiopathic. A better knowledge in genes involved in ovarian apoptosis should enhance our understanding of premature ovarian failure. Meanwhile, the best treatment is to give hormonal replacement therapy and send the patient to oocyte donation program when they desire to be pregnant.
AuthorsS Christin-Maitre
JournalLa Revue du praticien (Rev Prat) Vol. 49 Issue 12 Pg. 1297-302 (Jun 15 1999) ISSN: 0035-2640 [Print] France
Vernacular TitleInsuffisances ovariennes prématurées.
PMID10488661 (Publication Type: English Abstract, Journal Article)
Chemical References
  • Gonadotropins
  • Receptors, FSH
  • Receptors, LH
Topics
  • Adult
  • Chromosome Aberrations
  • Chromosome Disorders
  • Female
  • Gonadotropins (deficiency)
  • Hormone Replacement Therapy
  • Humans
  • Infertility, Female
  • Oocyte Donation
  • Ovarian Follicle (physiology)
  • Pregnancy
  • Primary Ovarian Insufficiency (genetics, physiopathology)
  • Receptors, FSH (genetics, physiology)
  • Receptors, LH (genetics, physiology)
  • X Chromosome (genetics)

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