Effects of renal insufficiency and aging on the pharmacokinetics of a phenethylamine class alpha(1A)-adrenoceptor agonist NS-49.

Abstract

Effects of renal insufficiency and of aging on the pharmacokinetics of NS-49, a newly developed phenethylamine class alpha(1A)-adrenoceptor agonist eliminated mainly by renal excretion, were investigated in rats after a single administration of (14)C-NS-49. The gromerular filtration rate (GFR) in the partially nephrectomized rats was about half that in the sham-operated rats, and the plasma creatinine concentration in the former was well above the normal limit. Plasma concentrations of radioactivity after intravenous or oral administration of (14)C-NS-49 were much higher in the nephrectomized rats than in the intact and sham-operated rats. As a result, the areas under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC(0-infinity)) after intravenous and oral administrations respectively increased 5-fold and 7-fold after partial nephrectomy. The elimination half-life (t(1/2,beta)) was increased about 2-fold by partial nephrectomy. The systemic availability for the partially nephrectomized rats remained unchanged, indicative that partial nephrectomy does not affect the absorption of NS-49. Plasma concentrations of radioactivity after intravenous or oral administration of (14)C-NS-49 to 88-week-old rats were higher than in 7-week-old rats, the AUC(0-infinity) value for the aged rats being about two times higher. The aged rats, unlike the nephrectomized rats, showed no marked difference in the t(1/2,beta), value, whereas their V(ss) value was about half that for the young rats. These findings are considered to be caused by physiologic age-related changes; decrease in renal function and loss of body water. Systemic availability in the aged rats did not differ from that in the young, indicative that aging has no effect on the extent of absorption of this drug.

• Authors: H Mukai, A Morino
• Journal: International journal of pharmaceutics (Int J Pharm) Vol. 185 Issue 1 Pg. 37-43 (Aug 05 1999) ISSN: 0378-5173 [Print] Netherlands
• PMID: 10425363 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• 3'-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-4'-fluoromethanesulfonanilide
• Adrenergic alpha-Agonists
• Anilides
• Creatinine

Topics

• Administration, Oral
• Adrenergic alpha-Agonists (administration & dosage, blood, pharmacokinetics)
• Aging (metabolism)
• Anilides (administration & dosage, blood, pharmacokinetics)
• Animals
• Area Under Curve
• Creatinine (blood)
• Glomerular Filtration Rate
• Injections, Intravenous
• Kidney Failure, Chronic (metabolism)
• Male
• Rats
• Rats, Sprague-Dawley