Performance-Enhancing Substances

Agents that improve the ability to carry out activities such as athletics, mental endurance, work, and resistance to stress. The substances can include PRESCRIPTION DRUGS; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS; phytochemicals; and ILLICIT DRUGS.

Also Known As:

Ergogenic Effects; Ergogenic Substances; Performance-Enhancing Effect; Performance-Enhancing Effects; Drug, Performance-Enhancing; Drugs, Performance-Enhancing; Effect, Ergogenic; Effect, Performance-Enhancing; Effects, Ergogenic; Effects, Performance-Enhancing; Performance Enhancing Drug; Performance Enhancing Drugs; Performance Enhancing Effect; Performance Enhancing Effects; Performance Enhancing Substance; Performance Enhancing Substances; Substance, Ergogenic; Substance, Performance-Enhancing; Substances, Ergogenic; Substances, Performance-Enhancing; Ergogenic Effect; Ergogenic Substance; Performance-Enhancing Drug; Performance-Enhancing Drugs; Performance-Enhancing Substance

Networked: 165 relevant articles (7 outcomes, 17 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Chemical Actions and Uses
- Pharmacologic Actions: 160
  - Physiological Effects of Drugs: 1
    - Performance-Enhancing Substances: 165

Experts

1.	Murray, Stuart B: 5 articles (08/2022 - 01/2020)
2.	Nagata, Jason M: 5 articles (08/2022 - 01/2020)
3.	Hope, Vivian D: 4 articles (01/2021 - 09/2013)
4.	Ganson, Kyle T: 3 articles (08/2022 - 01/2020)
5.	Lavender, Jason M: 3 articles (01/2022 - 01/2020)
6.	Buscà, Bernat: 3 articles (10/2021 - 12/2015)
7.	Solana-Tramunt, Mònica: 3 articles (10/2021 - 12/2015)
8.	Smith, Josie: 3 articles (01/2021 - 09/2013)
9.	Estes, N A Mark: 3 articles (12/2015 - 10/2005)
10.	Cunningham, Mitchell L: 2 articles (08/2022 - 01/2020)

Related Diseases

1.	Fatigue 07/01/2007 - "In summary, although scientific evidence for an ergogenic effect of probiotics is lacking, probiotics may provide athletes with secondary health benefits that could positively affect athletic performance through enhanced recovery from fatigue, improved immune function, and maintenance of healthy gastrointestinal tract function." 01/06/2022 - "However, the underlying mechanisms of CAP-induced ergogenic effects and fatigue-resistance, remain elusive. " 01/01/2022 - "However, ergogenic effects may be observed under fatigue conditions for example during a repeated running bout." 01/01/2021 - "These results suggest that the ergogenic effect of IPC observed here is of neural origin and accounts for the slowing of the rates of change in torque complexity, EMG amplitude, and mV˙O2 as fatigue develops." 01/01/2021 - "Interset FC provides an ergogenic effect on a leg press pyramid workout and may offset fatigue, as indicated by higher repetitions and EMG response, without increasing perceived exertion."
2.	Pain (Aches) 12/01/2023 - "Ischaemic preconditioning (IPC) applied locally and remotely has been shown to reduce pain which may underpin its ergogenic effect on exercise performance, however, it is unclear how many IPC cycles are needed to induce hypoalgesia. " 01/01/2023 - "Substances increasing pain resilience as well as performance-enhancing substances are popular among amateur and professional runners and are associated with a high incidence of side effects. " 10/27/2020 - "The ergogenic effect of IPC on time to task failure was observed only in men and it was associated with reductions in the perception of pain. " 01/01/2019 - "A discussion guide template ("SPORTS ARE FUN") was developed by the co-investigators, reflecting common themes of "Sportsmanship, Participation for All, Obstacles, Relationships, Teamwork, Setting Realistic Goals, Academics, Responsibility, Exercise/Nutrition/Rest/Drugs/Performance Enhancing Drugs, Fun, Unrelenting Spirit, and "No Pain, No Gain." The authors hope that pediatric health care providers, athletic coaches/staff, and parents can utilize this discussion guide template in the education and development of children and adolescents who participate in sports." 07/01/2015 - "A performance-enhancing drug (PED) is any substance that is used to increase muscle mass, dull pain, reduce weight, or ease stress. "
3.	Body Weight (Weight, Body) 12/01/1999 - "An ergogenic effect of HBCD was observed at a dose of 500 mg/kg of body weight, whereas it had no effect at a dose of 166 mg/kg of body wt (p < 0.05). " 08/01/2004 - "The results suggest that the ingestion of caffeine at 7 mg.kg(-1) of body weight prior to submaximal running might provide a modest ergogenic effect via improved respiratory efficiency and a psychological lift." 11/01/2006 - "These findings indicated that chronic use of the caffeine-containing supplement in the present study, in conjunction with aerobic training, provided no ergogenic effects as measured by VO(2)peak and TRE, and the supplement was of no benefit for altering body weight or body composition."
4.	Inflammation (Inflammations) 12/16/2015 - "The expressive ergogenic effect of melatonin leads to longer periods of muscle contraction, which superimposes a possible melatonin protective effect on the tissue damage and inflammation. " 12/16/2015 - "The exercise promoted muscle inflammation and damage, mainly during the dark period, and the exogenous melatonin promoted a high ergogenic effect. " 12/16/2015 - "Melatonin Has An Ergogenic Effect But Does Not Prevent Inflammation and Damage In Exhaustive Exercise." 06/01/2014 - "This investigation examined the ergogenic effect of short-term oral N-acetylcysteine (NAC) supplementation and the associated changes in redox balance and inflammation during intense training. " 04/21/2014 - "Caffeine is presented in many commercial products and has been proven to induce ergogenic effects in exercise, mainly related to redox status homeostasis, inflammation and oxidative stress-related adaptation mechanisms. "
5.	Myalgia 02/01/2016 - "One potential explanation for caffeine's performance-enhancing effect is an improvement in work for a given amount of muscle pain. " 07/01/2019 - "Antioxidant supplementation does not attenuate elevated markers of muscle damage or muscle soreness promoted by acute exercise and do not exert any ergogenic effect on football performance of young athletes, although it reduced oxidative stress."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Caffeine (No Doz)
2.	Anthocyanins (Anthocyanin)
3.	Biomarkers (Surrogate Marker)
4.	Nitric Oxide (Nitrogen Monoxide)
5.	Modafinil (Provigil)
6.	Anabolic Androgenic Steroids
7.	Antioxidants
8.	Alanine (L-Alanine)
9.	Peptide Hormones (Polypeptide Hormones)
10.	Vitamin D

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation
2.	Body Piercing (Piercing, Body)
3.	Therapeutics