Poroma

A benign adnexal neoplasm derived from cells of the terminal duct of eccrine or apocrine SWEAT GLAND lineage. They typically manifest as solitary papules and occur only in the skin but unlike in ACROSPIROMA involves the epidermis.

Also Known As:

Apocrine Poroma; Dermal Duct Tumor; Intraepidermal Poroma; Poromatosis; Syringoacanthoma; Syringofibroadenoma; Apocrine Poromas; Dermal Duct Tumors; Duct Tumor, Dermal; Eccrine Poromas; Intraepidermal Poromas; Poroma, Apocrine; Poroma, Eccrine; Poroma, Intraepidermal; Poromas; Poromatoses; Syringoacanthomas; Syringofibroadenomas; Tumor, Dermal Duct; Eccrine Poroma; Hidracanthoma Simplex

Networked: 97 relevant articles (3 outcomes, 9 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Neoplasms: 1324753
- Neoplasms by Histologic Type: 2
  - Glandular and Epithelial Neoplasms: 439
    - Adenoma: 20724
      - Sweat Gland Adenoma: 5
        Poroma: 97
        Poroid hidradenoma: 6
    - Adnexal and Skin Appendage Neoplasms
      - Sweat Gland Adenoma: 5
        Poroma: 97
        Poroid hidradenoma: 6

Related Diseases

1.	Poroma
2.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
3.	Acute Myeloid Leukemia (Acute Myelogenous Leukemia)
4.	Acrospiroma
5.	Syringoma

Experts

1.	Hiraiwa, T: 2 articles (06/2021 - 05/2021)
2.	Igari, S: 2 articles (06/2021 - 05/2021)
3.	Ishikawa, M: 2 articles (06/2021 - 05/2021)
4.	Ito, T: 2 articles (06/2021 - 05/2021)
5.	Yamamoto, T: 2 articles (06/2021 - 05/2021)
6.	Ansai, Shin-Ichi: 2 articles (08/2014 - 02/2014)
7.	Kawana, Seiji: 2 articles (08/2014 - 02/2014)
8.	Choi, Ellie Ci-En: 1 article (04/2022)
9.	Lim, Joel Hua-Liang: 1 article (04/2022)
10.	Adjei, Susuana: 1 article (01/2022)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Poroma:

1.	Keratins (Keratin)IBA 08/01/2000 - "There are no immunohistochemical studies on cytokeratin (CK) expression in large series of cases of apocrine poroma. " 04/01/1997 - "The present study demonstrated that terminal differentiation in terms of keratinization can occur in eccrine poromas, and that the 34 beta B4- and DE-K10-positive cells around the cuticular cells differentiate toward the intermediate cells in cytokeratin expression profile and location." 05/01/2015 - "In contrast, the poroma cells only expressed cytokeratin MNF116. " 10/01/2014 - "The lesion showed strong diffuse cytoplasmic staining for cytokeratin (CK) AE1/AE3, CK5/6, and 34βE12 in the areas of syringofibroadenoma and in the areas of SCC. " 09/01/2008 - "In eccrine poroma epidermal keratins K5/K14 were ubiquitously expressed in all poroid cells. "
2.	Interferon-alpha (Interferon Alfa)IBA 08/01/1992 - "Successful therapy of metastatic eccrine poroma using perilesional interferon alfa and interleukin 2."
3.	Interleukin-2 (IL2)IBA 08/01/1992 - "Successful therapy of metastatic eccrine poroma using perilesional interferon alfa and interleukin 2."
4.	EnzymesIBA 03/01/1969 - "Intra-epidermal eccrine poroma: a histochemical and enzyme-histochemical study." 07/01/1999 - "Ultrastructural and enzyme histochemical studies have shown nodular hidradenomas to be intermediate between eccrine poroma and eccrine spiradenoma. " 08/01/1992 - "Enzyme-histochemical, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural studies supported the concept that this case represents a benign tumor derived from the acrosyringium, which is different from eccrine poroma. "
5.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)FDA Link 10/01/2001 - "In this study, we examined p53 protein expression in 25 eccrine poromas and 11 porocarcinomas by immunohistochemistry. " 05/01/2023 - "The expression of the C-terminal part of the YAP1 protein was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 543 cutaneous epithelial tumours, including 27 poromas, 14 porocarcinomas and 502 other cutaneous tumours. " 10/01/2001 - "P53 protein expression in eccrine poroma and porocarcinoma." 01/01/2000 - "A clear transition from benign eccrine poroma to porocarcinoma that was associated with p53 protein stabilization and allelic loss was observed in one tumor. " 02/01/2016 - "Herein, we immunohistochemically assessed the expression patterns of these 3 intercellular bridge proteins on a total of 86 epidermal and eccrine adnexal tumors including basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, poroma, spiradenoma, syringoma, and hidradenoma. "
6.	ParaffinIBA 01/01/1994 - "An immunohistochemical study on paraffin sections of eight porocarcinomas and a control group of 29 poromas was conducted to investigate the differentiation of porocarcinomas. " 01/01/1995 - "In order to specify this general assumption, we performed histochemistry and immunohistochemistry on paraffin sections of 29 poromas and eight porocarcinomas. " 04/01/2000 - "Enzymatic cell separation specimens were prepared from paraffin-embedded tissues of 18 sweat gland carcinomas (14 porocarcinomas, one classic eccrine adenocarcinoma, two microcystic adnexal carcinomas and one mostly ductal apocrine carcinoma) and 47 benign sweat gland tumours (three syringocystadenomas, five spiradenomas, 14 cylindromas, three syringomas, seven nodular hidradenomas, 10 cutaneous mixed tumours, four poromas and one apocrine hidrocystoma). " 01/01/1995 - "Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue specimens surgically excised from 25 patients with eccrine sweat gland carcinoma (20 cases of eccrine porocarcinoma, four cases of ductal sweat gland carcinoma and one case of malignant clear cell hidradenoma) and 25 patients with eccrine acrospiroma (16 cases of eccrine poroma, four cases of poroid hidradenoma and five cases of clear cell hidradenoma) were used. " 12/01/2004 - "Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 228 previously classified CANs and 27 metastatic adenocarcinomas (17 breast, 4 colon, 2 prostate, 2 ovary, 1 lung, and 1 esophagus) were immunostained with anti-CK 5/6. Anti-CK 5/6 labeled 2 of 2 proliferating trichilemmal tumors, 6 of 6 poromas, 4 of 5 hydrocystomas, 10 of 10 cylindromas, 10 of 10 eccrine acrospiromas, 8 of 10 pilomatricoma, 10 of 10 nevus sebaceus, 9 of 9 desmoplastic trichoepitheliomas, 7 of 7 nevus sebaceus with basal cell carcinomas, 10 of 10 pilar cysts, 14 of 14 trichilemmomas, 10 of 10 syringomas, 6 of 7 chondroid syringomas, 10 of 10 hidradenoma papilliferum, 9 of 9 sebaceus adenomas, 3 of 3 microcystic adnexal carcinomas, 10 of 10 eccrine spiradenomas, 4 of 4 syringocystadenoma papilliferum, 3 of 5 ocular sebaceous carcinomas, 28 of 28 basal cell carcinomas, 16 of 16 trichoepitheliomas, and 33 of 33 trichoepitheliomas with basal cell features. "
7.	AntibodiesIBA 01/01/1993 - "In this study, twenty-five cases of eccrine poroma were retrieved and analyzed by immunohistochemical techniques, using various kinds of monoclonal antikeratin antibodies. " 02/02/2023 - "We stained five microcystic adnexal carcinomas (MACs), three eccrine adenocarcinomas, two syringoid eccrine carcinomas, four hidradenocarcinomas, six porocarcinomas, one eccrine carcinoma-NOS, 11 hidradenomas, nine poromas, seven cylindromas, three spiradenomas, and 10 syringomas with TRPS1 antibodies. " 08/01/2000 - "Using the avidin-biotin method, we compared immunostaining patterns of eleven different anti-CK antibodies in 12 cases of apocrine and 21 cases of eccrine poromas, and normal adult skin. "
8.	Angiotensin Receptors (Angiotensin II Receptor)IBA 06/01/2001 - "Immunohistochemical study of angiotensin receptors in normal human sweat glands and eccrine poroma." 06/01/2001 - "To clarify the expression and localization of the angiotensin receptors in normal human sweat glands and eccrine poroma. "
9.	Phenobarbital (Luminal)FDA Link 09/01/2008 - "Poroid precursor cells of poromas do not comprise peripheral duct cells nor do poromas differentiate towards peripheral or luminal duct cells. " 06/01/2001 - "In 12 cases of eccrine poroma, some of the tumour cells in the tumour strands and cells surrounding the luminal structures stained positively. " 01/01/1991 - "Our results show that, with respect to their CK expression pattern, the majority of poroma cells resemble the basal cells of both the dermal ducts and the epidermis, while only minor and variable subpopulations acquire features present in ductal/acrosyringial luminal cells that would be indicative of poral differentiation. " 09/01/2008 - "To investigate the expression of luminal (K77), peripheral (K1) and further discriminatory keratins in two eccrine sweat gland tumours: syringoma, thought to show differentiation towards luminal cells of intraepidermal sweat ducts and eccrine poroma, considered to arise from poroid cells, i.e. " 02/01/2016 - "Similarly, in the poromas, syringomas, and hidradenomas, claudin-4 was only positive in the luminal cells of microcystic structures, although not as conspicuous as in the spiradenomas. "
10.	DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)IBA 01/01/2022 - "MCPyV DNA was detected in only 10% of poroma and porocarcinoma samples compared with 96% of MCC samples. " 09/01/2021 - "Herein, we subjected eight poroid adnexal skin tumors (three poromas and five porocarcinomas) to fusion gene analysis by whole transcriptome sequencing and next-generation DNA sequencing analysis. " 12/01/1996 - "Flow cytometric analysis of the nuclear DNA ploidy pattern was performed on four samples of eccrine poroma and five samples of malignant eccrine poroma. " 01/01/1992 - "A total of 40 DNA samples extracted from seven SCC lesions, two AK lesions, two lymphomas, one basal cell epithelioma, one eccrine poroma, one neurofibroma of Recklinghausen's disease, on verruca vulgaris, four femoral normal skins and white blood cells of 21 humans were studied by immunoblotting using this antibody. " 01/01/2022 - "The viral DNA copy number in all MCPyV DNA-positive MCCs was at least 25 times higher than that in porocarcinoma or poroma samples with the highest MCPyV DNA-to-PTPRG ratio. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 09/01/2015 - "Herein, we report a case of eccrine poromatosis that developed after 6 cycles of chemotherapy. " 02/01/2014 - "Case of multiple apocrine poroma in a patient without receiving radiation or chemotherapy." 11/01/2012 - "We report here four cases of multiple eccrine poromas in patients who were either undergoing, or had undergone, intensive chemotherapy (from 6 months to 16 years prior to onset). " 11/15/2019 - "We present two cases of eccrine poromatosis in patients who had undergone chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and stem cell transplant. " 11/15/2019 - "Eccrine poromatosis following chemotherapy and radiation therapy."
2.	Stem Cell Transplantation 06/22/2020 - "We report a 47-year-old female on chronic immunosuppression who developed multiple plantar eccrine poromas three years after achieving acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remission following treatment with chemotherapy, total body irradiation, and allogenic stem cell transplantation. " 07/01/2018 - "Here, we present a rare multilesional eruption of eccrine poroma after chemotherapy and bone marrow stem cell transplantation for acute promyelocytic leukemia along with a description of clinical, pathological, and dermoscopic findings." 06/22/2020 - "Poromatosis, or the formation of multiple eccrine poromas, is associated with chronic immunosuppression, lymphoproliferative neoplasms, and stem cell transplantation, though the etiology and clinical significance remain poorly understood. "
3.	Radiotherapy 07/01/2013 - "Eruptive poromatosis following radiotherapy." 01/01/2010 - "Eccrine syringofibroadenoma radiation treatment of an unusual presentation." 11/15/2019 - "We present two cases of eccrine poromatosis in patients who had undergone chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and stem cell transplant. " 11/15/2019 - "Eccrine poromatosis following chemotherapy and radiation therapy." 09/01/2015 - "There are few reports of the occurrence of multiple lesions, defined as poromatosis, which may present in patients who have undergone radiotherapy and/or polychemotherapy. "
4.	Combination Drug Therapy (Combination Chemotherapy) 04/01/2022 - "Eccrine poromatosis and polychemotherapy." 11/01/2012 - "Eccrine poromatosis associated with polychemotherapy." 09/01/2015 - "There are few reports of the occurrence of multiple lesions, defined as poromatosis, which may present in patients who have undergone radiotherapy and/or polychemotherapy. " 04/01/2015 - "Multiple poromas following combination chemotherapy and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation." 11/01/2012 - "Multiple eccrine poromas, or eccrine poromatosis, may occur in patients who have undergone radiotherapy and/or polychemotherapy. "
5.	Cryotherapy (Therapy, Cold) 03/01/2023 - "However, this case report highlights cryotherapy as one of the modalities in treating eccrine poroma. " 03/01/2023 - "Cryotherapy for Eccrine Poroma: A Case Report." 05/01/2016 - "Solitary Eccrine Syringofibroadenoma and Successful Treatment with Cryotherapy." 05/01/1999 - "We describe a patient with a chronic ulcerated verrucoid eccrine syringofibroadenoma that persisted despite cryotherapy or curettage and electrodessication. "