Systolic Murmurs

Heart murmurs which are systolic in timing. They occur between the first and the second HEART SOUNDS, between the closure of MITRAL VALVE and TRICUSPID VALVE and the closure of semilunar aortic and pulmonary valves. Systolic murmurs include ejection murmurs and regurgitant murmurs.

Also Known As:

Ejection Murmurs; Systolic Regurgitant Murmurs; Ejection Murmur; Murmur, Ejection; Murmur, Systolic; Murmur, Systolic Regurgitant; Murmurs, Ejection; Murmurs, Systolic; Murmurs, Systolic Regurgitant; Regurgitant Murmur, Systolic; Regurgitant Murmurs, Systolic; Systolic Murmur; Systolic Regurgitant Murmur

Networked: 121 relevant articles (3 outcomes, 3 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Signs and Symptoms Pathological Conditions
- Signs and Symptoms
  - Heart Murmurs: 251
    - Systolic Murmurs: 121

Related Diseases

1.	Shock
2.	Patent Ductus Arteriosus
3.	Membranous Subaortic Stenosis
4.	Mitral Valve Insufficiency (Mitral Regurgitation)
5.	Myocardial Infarction

Experts

1.	Limburg, A Sander: 1 article (12/2021)
2.	Meijs, Timion A: 1 article (12/2021)
3.	Peek, Jesse: 1 article (12/2021)
4.	Voskuil, Michiel: 1 article (12/2021)
5.	van de Sande, Danny A J P: 1 article (12/2021)
6.	Jolobe, Oscar M P: 1 article (11/2021)
7.	Hong, Chuangxiong: 1 article (10/2021)
8.	Li, Rong: 1 article (10/2021)
9.	Liang, Jiahua: 1 article (10/2021)
10.	Luo, Chuanjin: 1 article (10/2021)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Systolic Murmurs:

1.	Bisoprolol (Concor)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/2022 - "We decided to reinforce the negative inotropic effect by adding bisoprolol, and the subjective symptoms and auscultatory systolic murmur were eliminated 2 months later. "
2.	Warfarin (Coumadin)FDA LinkGeneric 04/12/2016 - "Recent (<1 month) operation or fracture, tricuspid systolic murmur, high triglyceride level, shock during hospitalization and mechanical ventilation were signs of poor prognosis for PE, while combined use of low-molecular-weight heparin and Warfarin were beneficial for the prognosis. " 04/12/2016 - "Logistic regression analysis showed that recent (<1 month) operation or fracture, tricuspid systolic murmur, high triglyceride level, circulatory failure during hospitalization and mechanical ventilation were independent factors for poor prognosis of PE, while combined use of low-molecular-weight heparin and Warfarin was a protective factor for the prognosis of PE. " 04/12/2016 - "Univariate analysis showed that statistically significant (all P<0.05) factors influencing the prognosis of PE were diabetes, tricuspid systolic murmur, body temperature, respiratory rate, heart rate, aspartate aminotransferase, triglycerides, abnormal ECG, mechanical ventilation, circulatory failure during hospitalization, risk stratification of PE, types of treatment, and use of low-molecular-weight heparin and Warfarin. "
3.	Triglycerides (Triacylglycerol)IBA 04/12/2016 - "Recent (<1 month) operation or fracture, tricuspid systolic murmur, high triglyceride level, shock during hospitalization and mechanical ventilation were signs of poor prognosis for PE, while combined use of low-molecular-weight heparin and Warfarin were beneficial for the prognosis. " 04/12/2016 - "Logistic regression analysis showed that recent (<1 month) operation or fracture, tricuspid systolic murmur, high triglyceride level, circulatory failure during hospitalization and mechanical ventilation were independent factors for poor prognosis of PE, while combined use of low-molecular-weight heparin and Warfarin was a protective factor for the prognosis of PE. " 04/12/2016 - "Univariate analysis showed that statistically significant (all P<0.05) factors influencing the prognosis of PE were diabetes, tricuspid systolic murmur, body temperature, respiratory rate, heart rate, aspartate aminotransferase, triglycerides, abnormal ECG, mechanical ventilation, circulatory failure during hospitalization, risk stratification of PE, types of treatment, and use of low-molecular-weight heparin and Warfarin. "
4.	Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin (Heparin, Low Molecular Weight)IBA 04/12/2016 - "Recent (<1 month) operation or fracture, tricuspid systolic murmur, high triglyceride level, shock during hospitalization and mechanical ventilation were signs of poor prognosis for PE, while combined use of low-molecular-weight heparin and Warfarin were beneficial for the prognosis. " 04/12/2016 - "Logistic regression analysis showed that recent (<1 month) operation or fracture, tricuspid systolic murmur, high triglyceride level, circulatory failure during hospitalization and mechanical ventilation were independent factors for poor prognosis of PE, while combined use of low-molecular-weight heparin and Warfarin was a protective factor for the prognosis of PE. " 04/12/2016 - "Univariate analysis showed that statistically significant (all P<0.05) factors influencing the prognosis of PE were diabetes, tricuspid systolic murmur, body temperature, respiratory rate, heart rate, aspartate aminotransferase, triglycerides, abnormal ECG, mechanical ventilation, circulatory failure during hospitalization, risk stratification of PE, types of treatment, and use of low-molecular-weight heparin and Warfarin. "
5.	Amyl NitriteIBA 01/01/1989 - "By amyl nitrite inhalation, the early systolic murmur was attenuated and a late systolic murmur was evoked. " 03/01/1987 - "Inhalation of amyl nitrite is useful for this purpose because it increases the intensity of ejection murmurs while decreases that of regurgitant ones. " 03/01/1986 - "Phonocardiography revealed a systolic ejection murmur which was intensified by amyl nitrite inhalation. " 10/20/1974 - "[Effect of inhalation of amyl nitrite on a tele-systolic murmur]." 01/01/1974 - "Amyl nitrite test using double microphones for differentiation of systolic murmurs in the elderly."
6.	Methoxamine (Methoxamine Hydrochloride)FDA Link 01/01/1989 - "On the contrary, methoxamine injection increased the intensity of the early systolic murmur. " 03/01/1981 - "Phonocardiography with pharmacological study (amyl nitrite and methoxamine) showed no significant systolic murmur, for which Fts had been considered to be responsible, even in a dilated left ventricle. " 04/01/1989 - "Provocative tests by amyl nitrite, isoproterenol and methoxamine registered a late-systolic click in 17 normal cases and a late-systolic murmur in 22. "
7.	Syntex adjuvant formulationIBA 08/01/1988 - "Innocent systolic murmurs in healthy young males: a study of the characteristics and prevalence in the SAF pre-enlistee population."
8.	2-(9-anthroyloxy)stearic acidIBA 04/01/2023 - "This study demonstrates that the probability of having a systolic murmur in cats is increased by the presence of a narrow AoSA. " 04/01/2023 - "Narrow aorto-septal angle (AoSA) and septal remodeling can be a cause of a systolic murmur in elderly human beings. "
9.	DiamondIBA 09/01/2023 - "Physical examination revealed a Grade III/VI systolic diamond murmur at the heart base and a Grade IV/VI systolic murmur at the apex. " 12/01/1995 - "A rough, diamond-shaped systolic murmur was heard, loudest over the left 2nd intercostal space. " 12/01/1985 - "A diamond-shaped systolic murmur was found in nine cases with MS or MR, suggesting an ejection systolic murmur caused by an associated calcified aortic valve. " 09/01/1957 - "Different types of diamond-shaped basal systolic murmurs." 06/01/2020 - "Clinical examination identified muffled lung sounds and a left base, diamond-shaped systolic murmur graded 4/6. Echocardiography identified pleural and pericardial effusion, ascites and a myxoid mass (39 mm/18.9 mm) obstructing the right ventricular outflow tract and interfering with the pulmonary valve function. "
10.	CalciumIBA 09/15/1986 - "Correlation of aortic cuspal and aortic root disease with aortic systolic ejection murmurs and with mitral anular calcium in persons older than 62 years in a long-term health care facility." 05/01/1985 - "One hundred fifty-three men (mean age 67.0 +/- 10.0 years) with basal systolic murmurs and aortic valve calcium on the echocardiogram (group II) were studied to assess the relationship between the grade of calcium and severity of aortic valve obstruction. " 11/23/1963 - "The first patient was 15 months old when first seen with stunted physical and mental growth, a systolic murmur, and a serum calcium value of 13 mg. %. " 05/01/1997 - "There were 12 independent significant predictors for readmission: clinical history (a previous history of either congestive heart failure or myocardial infarction, or CABG); acute operation; postoperative complications (time in intensive care unit greater than two days, neurological complications); clinical findings four to seven days after the operation (arrhythmia, systolic murmur equivalent to mitral regurgitation); medication four to seven days after the operation (antidiabetics, diuretics for heart failure, other antiarrhythmics (other than beta blockers, calcium antagonists, and digitalis), and lack of treatment with aspirin). "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Artificial Respiration (Mechanical Ventilation) 12/01/2020 - "His physical examination revealed a mitral systolic murmur, signs of acute arterial occlusion of the left lower limb, severe arterial hypotension and acute respiratory failure, with need of vasoactive drugs, orotracheal intubation/mechanical ventilation, empiric antimicrobial therapy and emergent endovascular treatment. " 04/12/2016 - "Recent (<1 month) operation or fracture, tricuspid systolic murmur, high triglyceride level, shock during hospitalization and mechanical ventilation were signs of poor prognosis for PE, while combined use of low-molecular-weight heparin and Warfarin were beneficial for the prognosis. " 04/12/2016 - "Logistic regression analysis showed that recent (<1 month) operation or fracture, tricuspid systolic murmur, high triglyceride level, circulatory failure during hospitalization and mechanical ventilation were independent factors for poor prognosis of PE, while combined use of low-molecular-weight heparin and Warfarin was a protective factor for the prognosis of PE. " 04/12/2016 - "Univariate analysis showed that statistically significant (all P<0.05) factors influencing the prognosis of PE were diabetes, tricuspid systolic murmur, body temperature, respiratory rate, heart rate, aspartate aminotransferase, triglycerides, abnormal ECG, mechanical ventilation, circulatory failure during hospitalization, risk stratification of PE, types of treatment, and use of low-molecular-weight heparin and Warfarin. "
2.	Ligation 09/01/1977 - "Because of the unexpected finding of discrete membranous subaortic stenosis in these infants and young children who had undergone surgery for a large patent ductus arteriosus and because of the treacherous worsening of the effects of the discrete membranous subaortic stenosis as childhood progressed, it is important that those patients with a persistent systolic murmur after ductal ligation not be discharged from cardiac follow-up as cured. "
3.	Catheters 05/01/1989 - "[Pacemaker catheter induced systolic murmurs in two patients]." 06/01/1986 - "Intracardiac sound and pressure recordings from high fidelity catheter-tipped micromanometers have documented that the precordial murmur is the summation of both the systolic ejection murmur (SEM) arising from the LVOT, as well as the mitral regurgitant murmur recorded from the left atrium. " 04/01/1982 - "Pacemaker catheter-induced systolic murmur." 08/01/1969 - "Systolic murmurs induced by pacemaker catheters." 04/01/2001 - "Of all 323 paediatric patients requiring surgical (n = 291) or catheter interventional (n = 32) treatment for congenital heart disease, patients with delayed diagnosis of their cardiac defects were observed and especially examined for the presence of clinical cardiac findings other than systolic murmurs, not recognized as such prior to referral. "
4.	Prostheses and Implants (Prosthesis) 01/01/1986 - "In all patients the click of the tricuspid prosthesis was not audible and new diastolic or systolic murmurs were. " 03/15/1983 - "All 11 patients with the prosthesis in the aortic position had systolic ejection murmurs. " 03/15/1983 - "Opening clicks were recorded in all 8 patients with mitral prostheses at a mean second heart sound (A2) to opening click interval of 94 ms. In 9 subjects, apical systolic murmurs were found. " 02/01/1981 - "It is established that the most characteristic phonocardiographic signs of paravalvular failure in patients with this pathological condition are a systolic murmur, a reduced second sound-sound of mitral valve prosthesis opening interval and ejection period (according to the findings of polycardiography) and prolongation of the Q-first sound interval. " 01/01/1981 - "degree A-V block; 4) an apical diastolic rumble present in 68.85% of our cases, regardless of the size of the prosthesis, which does not necessarily indicate a prosthesis malfunction; 5) a systolic ejection murmur, recorded on the left upper sternal border in all our patients, is probably related to the turbulent blood flow around the prosthetic prongs which protrude into the left ventricular outflow tract."
5.	Antibiotic Prophylaxis 05/01/1989 - "Antibiotic prophylaxis is recommended in MVP patients with systolic murmurs or with regurgitation. " 03/01/1985 - "We suggest that for patients with MVP not otherwise known to be at high risk of BE, routine antibiotic prophylaxis should be advised only for those who have systolic murmurs." 01/01/1998 - "Those who have systolic murmur or valvular thickening and redundancy are at particular risk of infective endocarditis and should receive antibiotic prophylaxis perioperatively as recommended by the American Heart Association. " 06/01/1984 - "Our analysis of the available reports indicates that young men with a late systolic murmur seem to be particularly prone do endocarditis, so that in this subgroup of patients antibiotic prophylaxis should be systematically prescribed when aggressive manipulations are considered." 03/01/1975 - "It seems that antibiotic prophylaxis is indicated at times of increased risk of infection in subjects with a non-ejection systolic click or a late systolic murmur."