Pallidotomy

Producing a lesion in the posteroventral portion of the medial GLOBUS PALLIDUS to treat PARKINSON DISEASE and other extrapyramidal disorders. The placement of the lesion is aided by STEREOTACTIC TECHNIQUES and imaging procedures.

Also Known As:

Networked: 614 relevant articles (105 outcomes, 73 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Therapy Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Taira, Takaomi: 11 articles (07/2021 - 01/2013)
2.	Horisawa, Shiro: 9 articles (07/2021 - 01/2016)
3.	Kawamata, Takakazu: 8 articles (01/2021 - 01/2016)
4.	Lozano, Andres M: 8 articles (09/2019 - 04/2002)
5.	Jankovic, J: 7 articles (03/2016 - 02/2000)
6.	Lozano, A M: 7 articles (12/2002 - 01/2000)
7.	Krauss, Joachim K: 6 articles (02/2022 - 02/2003)
8.	Lang, Anthony E: 6 articles (12/2019 - 04/2003)
9.	Lang, A E: 6 articles (12/2002 - 01/2000)
10.	Hariz, Marwan: 5 articles (02/2022 - 01/2016)

Related Diseases

1.	Dyskinesias (Dyskinesia) 05/15/2009 - "Then she started having opisthotonus lasting 20 seconds to an hour several times/day, but over 6 years abnormal movements are markedly improved, and not returned to pre-pallidotomy level. " 01/01/1998 - "At 6-month follow up, a cohort of our first 40 patients undergoing pallidotomy demonstrated the following mean improvements when examined after drug withdrawal (off) and under optimal medication (on): total motor off scores-31%; total off activities of daily living scores-30%; and total on dyskinesias-63% (contralateral and ipsilateral dyskinesias improved 82% and 50%, respectively). " 11/01/1997 - "The efficacy of surgery in the case of hemiballismus demonstrates that pallidotomy can be an effective treatment for this condition and suggests that patterned neuronal activity in the GPi is important in the mechanism of hyperkinetic disorders." 04/01/2000 - "Even when positive clinical results of GPi pallidotomy have recently been reported from several centers, the patients seem to have improved relatively little, the dyskinesias excepted, and the rate of side effects has been quite high. " 02/01/2000 - "According to Visual Analog Scale scores, unilateral pallidotomy significantly improved dyskinesias (P < 0.05) but no other symptoms. "
2.	Parkinson Disease (Parkinson's Disease) 10/09/1997 - "Posteroventral medial pallidotomy sometimes produces striking improvement in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease, but the studies to date have involved small numbers of patients and short-term follow-up. " 01/01/1998 - "Because interruption of pallidal outflow signals by pallidotomy is believed to play an important role in the motor improvement in Parkinson's disease, the anatomical relationship of the two major pallidofugal tracts, namely the ansa lenticularis (AL) and the fasciculus lenticularis (FL) to the Leksell pallidotomy target (LPT) were studied. " 11/01/2004 - "With the rapid increase in provision of deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease, the efficacy of pallidotomy in symptom alleviation appears to be increasingly ignored. " 07/20/2002 - "Although significant improvement of motor function following bilateral pallidotomy for the treatment of Parkinson's disease has been proved, the cognitive sequelae have not been clearly defined. " 12/01/2000 - "Electrophysiologically defined lesion of GPi for posteroventral pallidotomy, shown to be effective for treating Parkinson's disease, is located at a significantly different site from the ventriculography based theoretical target."
3.	Tremor (Tremors) 01/01/2019 - "Food and Drug Administration for treatment of parkinsonian tremor, additional high-quality randomized controlled trials are warranted and are underway to determine the safety and efficacy of MR-guided focused ultrasound subthalamotomy and pallidotomy for treatment of the cardinal features of PD. " 01/01/2000 - "We here report that although all the motor signs were significantly improved 6 months after pallidotomy, the temporal sequence of tremor response was different from those of other symptoms." 06/01/2000 - "Contemporary combination of pallidotomy and thalamotomy is effective and safe in treating regular parkinsonian symptoms and intractable tremor." 01/01/2018 - "On the other hand, while the mean tremor subscore in the pallidotomy group improved from a mean of 2.3-0.8, the tremors were abolished in all of the patients in the combined group except for 1 patient who showed slight infrequent tremors at 12 months. " 08/01/1994 - "Ventroposterior pallidotomy has been shown to improve not only rigidity and tremor, but also akinesia. "
4.	Dystonia (Limb Dystonia) 10/01/2022 - "Bilateral pallidotomy may result in clinically significant improvement in children with acquired/heredodegenerative generalized dystonia, although the benefits should be closely weighed against the risk of irreversible bulbar dysfunction. " 12/01/2020 - "GPi pallidotomy is feasible and effective for the treatment of abdominal dystonia that is resistant to standard medical therapy." 07/01/1998 - "We conclude that pallidotomy is a safe and effective treatment in medically refractory cases of generalized dystonia." 02/01/2011 - "Although the efficacy of both pallidotomy and pallidal deep brain stimulation in dystonia has been encouraging, the evidence is still limited." 01/01/2008 - "This result supports the efficacy of STN deep brain stimulation in dystonia patients, even those with prior pallidotomy."
5.	Hypokinesia (Bradykinesia) 10/01/1998 - "Posteroventral pallidotomy seems to be beneficial in reducing bradykinesia of upper limb movements but may have "costs" to movement patterning, particularly for reach to grasp movements to objects of differing sizes. " 09/01/2003 - "The UPDRS motor subscale ratings were similar to those reported in the literature: pallidotomy improved the overall motor score and the contralateral bradykinesia + rigidity score, but not the gait + posture score. " 05/01/1999 - "Therefore, any improvement in bradykinesia after pallidotomy must be related to mechanisms other than restoration of pallidothalamocortical connectivity. " 01/01/1999 - "To the extent that MT and RT are quantitative measures of bradykinesia, our study provides evidence that this parkinsonian feature improves after pallidotomy." 05/01/1999 - "The results confirm the clinical impression that pallidotomy improves bradykinesia. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Levodopa (L Dopa)
2.	Botulinum Toxins (Botulinum Toxin)
3.	Dihydroxyphenylalanine (Dopa)
4.	Amantadine (Aman)
5.	Cholinergic Antagonists (Anticholinergics)
6.	N-Methylaspartate (NMDA)
7.	Valproic Acid (Depakote)
8.	Glucose (Dextrose)
9.	N 30
10.	Antipsychotic Agents (Antipsychotics)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Deep Brain Stimulation
2.	Therapeutics
3.	Microelectrodes
4.	Activities of Daily Living (ADL)
5.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)