Respiratory Aspiration

Inhaling liquid or solids, such as stomach contents, or other FOREIGN OBJECTS, into the RESPIRATORY TRACT. When this causes severe lung damage, it is called ASPIRATION PNEUMONIA.

Also Known As:

Aspiration, Respiratory; Accidental Aspirations; Aspiration, Accidental; Aspiration, Foreign Body; Aspirations, Accidental; Aspirations, Foreign Body; Body Aspiration, Foreign; Body Aspirations, Foreign; Foreign Body Aspirations; Accidental Aspiration; Foreign Body Aspiration

Networked: 192 relevant articles (3 outcomes, 17 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Foreign Bodies (Foreign Body)
2.	Critical Illness (Critically Ill)
3.	Airway Obstruction (Choking)
4.	Wounds and Injuries (Trauma)
5.	Respiratory Insufficiency (Respiratory Failure)

Experts

1.	Wu, Lei: 3 articles (01/2022 - 09/2019)
2.	Chen, Zhimin: 2 articles (01/2021 - 09/2019)
3.	Acharya, Kunjan: 1 article (04/2022)
4.	Dulal, Malati: 1 article (04/2022)
5.	Niroula, Sailesh: 1 article (04/2022)
6.	Shrestha, Amit: 1 article (04/2022)
7.	Tripathi, Prashant: 1 article (04/2022)
8.	Amaral, Marcio Bruno Figueiredo: 1 article (01/2022)
9.	Aquila, Isabella: 1 article (01/2022)
10.	Araujo, Stella Cristina Soares: 1 article (01/2022)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Respiratory Aspiration:

1.	Anesthetics (Anesthetic Agents)IBA 10/01/2010 - "Although several anesthetic techniques are effective for managing children with foreign body aspiration, there is no consensus from the literature as to which technique is optimal. " 01/01/2023 - "Tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration is a classic pediatric emergency, and its associated morbidity particularly depends on the anesthetic management, which differs according to the center and the practitioner. " 12/01/2022 - "We also evaluated the anesthetic considerations during ventilation of pediatric airway in such Foreign body aspiration (FBA) patients. " 10/01/2011 - "Foreign body aspiration into the airway is common in the pediatric age group and its anesthetic management is a challenge. " 09/01/1985 - "The authors present the anesthetic and ventilation techniques, used in 106 children, who were suspected of foreign body aspiration in the respiratory tract. "
2.	Antipsychotic Agents (Antipsychotics)IBA 02/01/2023 - "Antipsychotics (APs), during treatment or overdose, may be associated with respiratory aspiration. " 02/01/2023 - "Respiratory aspiration during treatment with clozapine and other antipsychotics: a literature search and a pharmacovigilance study in vigibase." 10/01/2020 - "Chemical and/or physical restraints are sometimes necessary to ensure patient and staff safety when verbal de-escalation is ineffective, particularly since agitation is the leading cause of hospital staff injuries.2 Chemical restraints have been shown to be less physically traumatizing to patients.3 4 Adverse events associated with physical restraints include persistent psychological distress, blunt chest trauma, aspiration, respiratory depression, and asphyxiation leading to cardiac arrest.5 In regards to chemical restraints, adverse event reporting has been heterogeneous among studies, but the most consistent reported events involve respiratory compromise such as desaturation, airway obstruction, and respiratory depression.3 A study measuring QTc (corrected QT interval) after high-dose intramuscular ziprasidone or haloperidol did not demonstrate any QTc longer than 480 msec.6 Other events linked to chemical restraints include uncommon cardiovascular events and extrapyramidal side effects from medications.3 The main classes of medications utilized for chemical restraint include first-generation antipsychotics (eg, haloperidol and droperidol), second-generation antipsychotics (olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, aripiprazole, and ziprasidone), benzodiazipenes (eg, lorazepam and midazolam), and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor antagonists (eg, ketamine).7,8 It is important to exclude other medical causes of agitation, consider the differential diagnoses, and then select a medication that is tailored to address underlying etiologies while remaining cognizant of the side effect profiles of these chemical agents.Educational"
3.	amsonic acid (DAS)IBA 02/01/2008 - "A retrospective, descriptive study analyzing data related to children under 14 years of age undergoing bronchoscopy due to clinical suspicion of foreign body aspiration at the State University at Campinas Hospital das Clinicas from January of 2000 to December of 2005. " 05/01/2012 - "This was a retrospective study of all adult patients (over 18 years of age) with foreign body aspiration submitted to bronchoscopy between January of 2009 and January of 2011 at the University of São Paulo School of Medicine Hospital das Clínicas, located in São Paulo, Brazil. "
4.	Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 (Interstitial Collagenase)IBA 08/01/2004 - "The purpose of this study was to observe extracellular matrix remodeling in children with airway foreign-body aspiration (FBA) by detecting the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), and hydroxyproline (HYP) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). "
5.	Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 (Gelatinase B)IBA 08/01/2004 - "The purpose of this study was to observe extracellular matrix remodeling in children with airway foreign-body aspiration (FBA) by detecting the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), and hydroxyproline (HYP) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). "
6.	Risperidone (Risperdal Consta)FDA LinkGeneric 10/01/2020 - "Chemical and/or physical restraints are sometimes necessary to ensure patient and staff safety when verbal de-escalation is ineffective, particularly since agitation is the leading cause of hospital staff injuries.2 Chemical restraints have been shown to be less physically traumatizing to patients.3 4 Adverse events associated with physical restraints include persistent psychological distress, blunt chest trauma, aspiration, respiratory depression, and asphyxiation leading to cardiac arrest.5 In regards to chemical restraints, adverse event reporting has been heterogeneous among studies, but the most consistent reported events involve respiratory compromise such as desaturation, airway obstruction, and respiratory depression.3 A study measuring QTc (corrected QT interval) after high-dose intramuscular ziprasidone or haloperidol did not demonstrate any QTc longer than 480 msec.6 Other events linked to chemical restraints include uncommon cardiovascular events and extrapyramidal side effects from medications.3 The main classes of medications utilized for chemical restraint include first-generation antipsychotics (eg, haloperidol and droperidol), second-generation antipsychotics (olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, aripiprazole, and ziprasidone), benzodiazipenes (eg, lorazepam and midazolam), and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor antagonists (eg, ketamine).7,8 It is important to exclude other medical causes of agitation, consider the differential diagnoses, and then select a medication that is tailored to address underlying etiologies while remaining cognizant of the side effect profiles of these chemical agents.Educational"
7.	N-Methylaspartate (NMDA)IBA 10/01/2020 - "Chemical and/or physical restraints are sometimes necessary to ensure patient and staff safety when verbal de-escalation is ineffective, particularly since agitation is the leading cause of hospital staff injuries.2 Chemical restraints have been shown to be less physically traumatizing to patients.3 4 Adverse events associated with physical restraints include persistent psychological distress, blunt chest trauma, aspiration, respiratory depression, and asphyxiation leading to cardiac arrest.5 In regards to chemical restraints, adverse event reporting has been heterogeneous among studies, but the most consistent reported events involve respiratory compromise such as desaturation, airway obstruction, and respiratory depression.3 A study measuring QTc (corrected QT interval) after high-dose intramuscular ziprasidone or haloperidol did not demonstrate any QTc longer than 480 msec.6 Other events linked to chemical restraints include uncommon cardiovascular events and extrapyramidal side effects from medications.3 The main classes of medications utilized for chemical restraint include first-generation antipsychotics (eg, haloperidol and droperidol), second-generation antipsychotics (olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, aripiprazole, and ziprasidone), benzodiazipenes (eg, lorazepam and midazolam), and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor antagonists (eg, ketamine).7,8 It is important to exclude other medical causes of agitation, consider the differential diagnoses, and then select a medication that is tailored to address underlying etiologies while remaining cognizant of the side effect profiles of these chemical agents.Educational"
8.	N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors (NMDA Receptors)IBA 10/01/2020 - "Chemical and/or physical restraints are sometimes necessary to ensure patient and staff safety when verbal de-escalation is ineffective, particularly since agitation is the leading cause of hospital staff injuries.2 Chemical restraints have been shown to be less physically traumatizing to patients.3 4 Adverse events associated with physical restraints include persistent psychological distress, blunt chest trauma, aspiration, respiratory depression, and asphyxiation leading to cardiac arrest.5 In regards to chemical restraints, adverse event reporting has been heterogeneous among studies, but the most consistent reported events involve respiratory compromise such as desaturation, airway obstruction, and respiratory depression.3 A study measuring QTc (corrected QT interval) after high-dose intramuscular ziprasidone or haloperidol did not demonstrate any QTc longer than 480 msec.6 Other events linked to chemical restraints include uncommon cardiovascular events and extrapyramidal side effects from medications.3 The main classes of medications utilized for chemical restraint include first-generation antipsychotics (eg, haloperidol and droperidol), second-generation antipsychotics (olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, aripiprazole, and ziprasidone), benzodiazipenes (eg, lorazepam and midazolam), and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor antagonists (eg, ketamine).7,8 It is important to exclude other medical causes of agitation, consider the differential diagnoses, and then select a medication that is tailored to address underlying etiologies while remaining cognizant of the side effect profiles of these chemical agents.Educational"
9.	TinIBA 08/01/2020 - "Diagnosis of foreign body aspiration with ultralow-dose CT using a tin filter: a comparison study."
10.	Midazolam (Versed)FDA LinkGeneric 10/01/2020 - "Chemical and/or physical restraints are sometimes necessary to ensure patient and staff safety when verbal de-escalation is ineffective, particularly since agitation is the leading cause of hospital staff injuries.2 Chemical restraints have been shown to be less physically traumatizing to patients.3 4 Adverse events associated with physical restraints include persistent psychological distress, blunt chest trauma, aspiration, respiratory depression, and asphyxiation leading to cardiac arrest.5 In regards to chemical restraints, adverse event reporting has been heterogeneous among studies, but the most consistent reported events involve respiratory compromise such as desaturation, airway obstruction, and respiratory depression.3 A study measuring QTc (corrected QT interval) after high-dose intramuscular ziprasidone or haloperidol did not demonstrate any QTc longer than 480 msec.6 Other events linked to chemical restraints include uncommon cardiovascular events and extrapyramidal side effects from medications.3 The main classes of medications utilized for chemical restraint include first-generation antipsychotics (eg, haloperidol and droperidol), second-generation antipsychotics (olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, aripiprazole, and ziprasidone), benzodiazipenes (eg, lorazepam and midazolam), and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor antagonists (eg, ketamine).7,8 It is important to exclude other medical causes of agitation, consider the differential diagnoses, and then select a medication that is tailored to address underlying etiologies while remaining cognizant of the side effect profiles of these chemical agents.Educational"

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Cryotherapy (Therapy, Cold) 11/01/2022 - "A total of 69 cryotherapy procedures were performed in 57 patients a for three main indications: Biopsy (30), restoration of airway patency (23) and foreign body aspiration (16). " 01/01/2016 - "The present retrospective study investigated the safety and efficacy of removing foreign bodies from children's airways using flexible bronchoscopic CO2 cryotherapy instead of traditional foreign body aspiration. "
2.	Operative Surgical Procedures 03/01/2017 - "Here, we review the indication, cannulation method, support mode, surgical procedure, and patient outcome in the 8 papers retrieved from the PubMed database and compare their clinical characteristics with those of our case to justify the safe and effective use of CPB for critically ill patients with bronchial foreign body aspiration."
3.	Therapeutics 12/01/2009 - "The objectives of this study were to discuss the clinical magnifications and therapies of tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration (FBA) in children causing life-threatening complications. " 05/01/2013 - "Unrecognized foreign body aspiration results in various clinical manifestations and non-responsiveness to the standard therapy applied." 01/01/2021 - "The aim of this study was to explore the clinical efficacy and safety of interventional therapy via flexible bronchoscopy for treatment of granulation tissue related airway obstruction secondary to foreign body aspiration in children. " 02/01/2023 - "A PubMed search on 30 September 2022, provided 3 cases of respiratory aspiration during clozapine therapy and 1 case during an AP overdose. " 03/01/2000 - "Foreign body aspiration: an unusual complication of antibiotic therapy."
4.	Tracheostomy 01/01/2022 - "In this study, we aimed to present our clinical experience in foreign body aspiration via tracheostomy. " 01/01/2022 - "Data from 26 patients who presented to our hospital for foreign body aspiration via tracheostomy from 2006 to 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. " 01/01/2022 - "Foreign body aspiration from tracheostomy is very rare, and materials related to tracheostomy are usually aspirated. " 01/01/2022 - "Accidental Foreign Body Aspiration Through Tracheostomy Inlet; 26 cases." 01/01/2015 - "We report a case of foreign body aspiration in the tracheobronchial tree due to a fragmented and migrated tracheostomy tube. "
5.	General Anesthesia 09/01/2014 - "Seventy patients (23 males, 47 females; mean age 32±14.5 months; range 3 months to 10 years) who were diagnosed with foreign body aspiration in our clinic between January 2007 and August 2010, and performed rigid bronchoscopy under general anesthesia were included in this study. " 12/20/2021 - "A total of 66 children were admitted to the Chair and Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Phoniatrics and Audiology, Medical University of Lublin between 2015 and 2020 and underwent rigid bronchoscopy in general anesthesia due to suspected foreign body aspiration. " 04/01/2019 - "There are no reports on foreign body aspiration during dental treatment under stable general anesthesia because the patient neither has voluntary movements nor reflex actions. " 04/01/2019 - "Foreign body aspiration during dental treatment under general anesthesia: A case report." 11/01/2017 - "The use of CT -scan with multiplanar reconstruction in suspected foreign body aspiration is a reliable alternative to endoscopy under general anesthesia, especially in asymptomatic patients, avoiding too many negative endoscopies."