Primary Hyperparathyroidism

A condition of abnormally elevated output of PARATHYROID HORMONE due to parathyroid HYPERPLASIA or PARATHYROID NEOPLASMS. It is characterized by the combination of HYPERCALCEMIA, phosphaturia, elevated renal 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D3 synthesis, and increased BONE RESORPTION.

Also Known As:

Networked: 4610 relevant articles (183 outcomes, 490 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Parathyroid Neoplasms (Parathyroid Neoplasm)
2.	Hypercalcemia (Milk Alkali Syndrome)
3.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
4.	Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1
5.	Nephrolithiasis

Experts

1.	Chen, Herbert: 51 articles (03/2022 - 08/2002)
2.	Bilezikian, John P: 38 articles (03/2022 - 10/2003)
3.	Sippel, Rebecca S: 30 articles (01/2018 - 01/2004)
4.	Duh, Quan-Yang: 24 articles (02/2022 - 08/2003)
5.	Perrier, Nancy D: 23 articles (01/2022 - 06/2003)
6.	Kebebew, Electron: 22 articles (01/2022 - 08/2003)
7.	Silverberg, Shonni J: 22 articles (09/2017 - 04/2002)
8.	Berber, Eren: 19 articles (02/2022 - 10/2004)
9.	Lew, John I: 19 articles (12/2019 - 07/2006)
10.	Yeh, Michael W: 18 articles (11/2020 - 01/2007)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Primary Hyperparathyroidism:

1.	Parathyroid Hormone (Parathormone)IBA 06/01/1993 - "The introduction of assays for the intact parathyrin (parathyroid hormone) has dramatically improved the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. " 01/01/2022 - "Over the next century, progress in the evaluation of primary hyperparathyroidism, the identification of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and its application for use in the field of parathyroid surgery have led to a significant improvement in surgical cure rates, accompanied by a shift toward minimally invasive surgical options. " 02/25/1995 - "To evaluate the efficacy of rapid peroperative assay of parathormone in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism compared with the longer standard assay. " 12/01/2007 - "Measurement of qPTH (based solely on the criterion of greater than 50% decline of parathyroid hormone) in 72 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (77 procedures) showed true-positive results in 69, false-positive results in 4, and true-negative results in 4 procedures. " 02/01/2009 - "The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of Tc(99m) sestamibi preoperative imaging, intraoperative Tc(99m) sestamibi with gamma probe, and intraoperative parathyroid hormone (IOPTH) assessment in a large cohort of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. "
2.	CalciumIBA 05/01/2020 - "A high index of suspicion based on ultrasound features and measurement of ionized calcium may be helpful in diagnosing occult, but clinically relevant primary hyperparathyroidism." 03/01/1990 - "It is concluded that APD is a safe and effective means of lowering plasma calcium in mild primary hyperparathyroidism, but these acute reductions are associated with little or no improvement in clinical status in these patients." 11/01/2006 - "Intraoperative total calcium levels may help to predict adequate elimination of parathyroid tissue in primary hyperparathyroidism when intraoperative iPTH is not available. " 04/01/1983 - "Of 500 consecutive patients who underwent cervical exploration for presumed primary hyperparathyroidism, 461 (92.2 per cent) were cured, as judged by an immediate return of serum calcium levels to normal. " 07/01/2020 - "Objectives  The aim of the present study was to describe the process of implementing a short-stay protocol focusing on preoperative patient education and postoperative calcium management for those undergoing surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP). "
3.	Cinacalcet (Sensipar)FDA Link 01/01/2006 - "Clinical studies performed in primary hyperparathyroidism proved AMG 073 to be effective in reducing both PTH and Ca serum levels, with a good safety profile. " 06/01/2011 - "Cinacalcet is effective in controlling the biochemical abnormalities in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) but it seems to be less effective on bone mineral density (BMD). " 07/01/2016 - "Our report presents the potential efficacy of cinacalcet as a treatment for CDC73-related primary hyperparathyroidism, in particularly inoperative cases. " 01/01/2022 - "We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the safety and efficacy of cinacalcet in Primary Hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). " 12/01/2016 - "[A Case of Primary Hyperparathyroidism Complicated with Hypercalcemic Crisis during Treatment with Cinacalcet and Improved by Active Treatment]."
4.	Diphosphonates (Bisphosphonates)IBA 12/01/2003 - "A single bisphosphonate infusion is associated with improved functional capacity in elderly subjects with primary hyperparathyroidism." 07/03/1995 - "The newer bisphosphonates show great promise in the treatment of Paget's disease, while surgery remains the only treatment option in primary hyperparathyroidism." 02/01/2021 - "Role of Bisphosphonates in The Prevention of Postoperative Hungry Bone Syndrome in Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Meta-Analysis and Need for Randomized Controlled Trials." 07/01/1977 - "This preliminary study indicates a possible role of diphosphonates in the management of inoperable cases of primary hyperparathyroidism or pseudohyperparathyroidism." 01/01/2020 - "Bisphosphonate initiation after PTX may interfere with the beneficial effects of PTX on fracture risk in osteoporotic patients with primary hyperparathyroidism."
5.	Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi (Cardiolite)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/1997 - "Technetium 99m sestamibi was recently introduced for the preoperative localization of abnormal parathyroid glands in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism with promising results. " 05/01/2005 - "This study was planned to investigate the efficacy of either 99mTc-sestamibi scan or ultrasonography in predicting the operative treatment in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). " 03/01/2002 - "A prospective study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of technetium-99m-sestamibi and technetium-99m-pertechnetate subtraction scanning and US for imaging parathyroid glands in primary hyperparathyroidism. " 11/01/2018 - "The aim of this study was to determine the role of fluorine-18-choline (F-FCH) PET/CT in comparison with technetium-99m-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (Tc-MIBI) single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) in primary hyperparathyroidism and to investigate whether maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) may be indicative of disease severity. " 10/01/2018 - "Four consecutive patients with suspected primary hyperparathyroidism were enrolled in this study and underwent Tc-MIBI SPECT/CT, ultrasonography, enhanced CT, and MRI. "
6.	Vitamin DFDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2011 - "Vitamin D status, physical performance and body mass in patients surgically cured for primary hyperparathyroidism compared with healthy controls - a cross-sectional study." 12/01/2007 - "Temporally associated with the improvement in vitamin D nutrition in many Western countries in the mid-20th century, there was a change in many characteristics of primary hyperparathyroidism. " 01/01/2023 - "Morbidity Associated With Primary Hyperparathyroidism-A Population-based Study With a Subanalysis on Vitamin D." 02/01/2015 - "Health-related quality of life after successful surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism: no additive effect from vitamin D supplementation: results of a double-blind randomized study." 03/01/2014 - "Vitamin D treatment in primary hyperparathyroidism: a randomized placebo controlled trial."
7.	Phosphates (Orthophosphate)IBA 01/01/2012 - "The objective of this study is to establish a new rabbit model of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) induced by high-phosphate diet. " 10/31/2023 - "Phosphate: An underrated component of primary hyperparathyroidism." 01/01/2022 - "Although the inverse correlation between serum PTH and phosphate (P) levels in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is well known, the relationship between P levels and the clinical picture of the disease has not been well investigated. " 01/01/2022 - "Serum Phosphate: A Neglected Test in the Clinical Management of Primary Hyperparathyroidism." 06/01/2021 - "This case report presents a patient who presented with low phosphate levels without any other biochemical evidence of PHPT, who returned several years later with overt primary hyperparathyroidism. "
8.	CreatinineIBA 11/01/2013 - "The differences in the urinary biochemical variables remained significant upon accounting for age, gender, creatinine clearance and body mass index (BMI), and were not observed in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism enrolled in the same periods. " 06/01/2002 - "A series of 845 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and serum creatinine <or=160 micromol L-1 was followed-up mean 10.2 (SD 5.7) years after surgery. " 11/04/1977 - "The diuresis of cAMP in primary hyperparathyroidism was significantly higher at 7.3 +/- 2.5 mumol/g creatinine X 24 h (P less than 0.005) than that in healthy subjects (3.5 +/- 0.7 mumol/g creatinine X 24 h). " 03/01/1975 - "Patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and increased S-creatinine had higher PTH levels than those with normal S-creatinine. " 08/01/2014 - "The keywords were "primary hyperparathyroidism," "surgery," "parathyroidectomy," "kidney," "renal," "glomerular filtration rate," and "creatinine." Of the 1926 articles obtained with this search, all articles germane to the topic that quantified the relationship between primary hyperparathyroidism and renal function were included. "
9.	Radioisotopes (Radionuclides)IBA 09/01/2006 - "To study the role of USG in localization (side and/or site) of abnormal parathyroid glands in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and to compare with radionuclide scintigraphy and the 'gold standard', surgery. " 10/01/1993 - "In a study approved by the Institutional Review Board, 22 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism underwent preoperative evaluation with high-resolution ultrasonography and Tc-99m-sestamibi/I-123 radionuclide scanning for attempted localization of abnormal parathyroid glands. " 05/01/2015 - "The role of radionuclide imaging in the surgical management of primary hyperparathyroidism." 08/01/2011 - "Technetium-99m (Tc)-sestamibi is the current radionuclide of choice for parathyroid localization in primary hyperparathyroidism (PH). " 09/01/2006 - "Ultrasonography in detection of single and multiple abnormal parathyroid glands in primary hyperparathyroidism: comparison with radionuclide scintigraphy and surgery."
10.	hydroxide ionIBA 12/01/2005 - "The objective of the study was to clarify whether 1,25(OH)2D indeed inhibits circulating levels of PTH and influences bone turnover, even in a patient with primary hyperparathyroidism. " 04/01/1986 - "This study was designed to follow the evolution of serum 1,25(OH)2D after surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism. " 09/01/2015 - "Seasonal variability in 25(OH)D and PTH levels has also been reported in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). " 06/01/2012 - "PTH thresholds, providing 95% specificities for primary hyperparathyroidism diagnosis, were 7.6 pmol/l and 5.8 pmol/l, using ROC curves derived from 25(OH)D deplete or replete controls, respectively. " 01/01/1996 - "Our results indicate that the plasma concentration of 25(OH)D may be very central for the regulation of 1,25(OH)2D production in primary hyperparathyroidism."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Parathyroidectomy 09/01/2014 - "Minimally invasive parathyroidectomy is successful in achieving cure for most patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. " 06/01/2010 - "Additional imaging with neck ultrasonography is helpful for selecting minimally invasive parathyroidectomy in most patients with primary hyperparathyroidism who have negative sestamibi scan results. " 11/01/2008 - "Targeted parathyroidectomy, when appropriately selected and carried out, is an effective treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism in most cases. " 12/01/2006 - "Controversy exists concerning the best treatment for asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) when the National Institutes of Health consensus conference criteria for parathyroidectomy are not met. " 09/01/2004 - "Although bilateral exploration is highly effective in the treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism, minimally invasive parathyroidectomy has evolved into the procedure of choice when a single parathyroid lesion can be localized preoperatively. "
2.	Therapeutics 11/01/2005 - "Our findings suggest that surgical therapy confers a better quality of life and is superior to medical therapy in the treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism, even in patients having a negative sestamibi scan." 11/01/2022 - "The Efficacy and Safety of Medical and Surgical Therapy in Patients With Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials." 01/01/2006 - "The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of therapy with biphosphonates in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and negative result of parathyroid scintigraphic imaging on increase of diagnostic sensitivity in repeated scans. " 05/01/2000 - "The high cure rate and low morbidity, as well as the increased mortality, in our study population during follow-up after successful operative therapy for the disease emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and early surgical treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism, even in the absence of manifest symptoms." 09/01/2023 - "However, the simultaneous occurrence of primary hyperparathyroidism in the present case is a hitherto unknown clinical picture and opens up new questions and perspectives in the context of diagnostics and therapy. "
3.	Radiofrequency Ablation 12/01/2021 - "Ultrasound-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation for the Treatment of Primary Hyperparathyroidism: An Efficacy and Safety Study." 08/30/2023 - "Radiofrequency ablation for primary hyperparathyroidism: are we there yet?" 11/01/2022 - "To prospectively investigate the efficacy and safety of ultrasound (US)-guided microwave ablation (MWA) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). " 11/01/2022 - "Ultrasound-guided microwave and radiofrequency ablation for primary hyperparathyroidism: a prospective, multicenter study." 10/20/2022 - "The MEN1 patient's case was complicated with relapsed primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), and they received ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA). "
4.	Hormone Replacement Therapy (Therapy, Hormone Replacement) 09/01/2000 - "Hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women with primary hyperparathyroidism has also been effective in improving bone mineral density and decreasing bone turnover. " 07/24/2000 - "Effects of hormone replacement therapy on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with primary hyperparathyroidism: four-year follow-up and comparison with healthy postmenopausal women." 04/01/2000 - "These results lend experimental support that hormone replacement therapy may benefit bone health in postmenopausal women with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). " 09/01/1996 - "Effect of hormone replacement therapy on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with mild primary hyperparathyroidism. " 07/24/2000 - "Hormone replacement therapy is efficacious in the long-term management of osteopenia in postmenopausal women with primary hyperparathyroidism and thus represents an important new therapeutic option for asymptomatic patients who do not have other indications for surgery. "
5.	Anesthesia 03/01/2011 - "Outpatient MIP, employing image-directed focused exploration under cervical block anesthesia, has replaced traditional surgical approaches for many patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. " 10/01/2008 - "Outcome data were collected on patients with primary hyperparathyroidism whom we intended to treat with MIRP at the induction of anesthesia between October 1, 2005, and December 31, 2007. " 06/01/1991 - "We review the anesthesia used on patients with primary hyperparathyroidism from 1980-1989. " 06/01/1991 - "Anesthesia for primary hyperparathyroidism." 07/01/1987 - "[Anesthesia and primary hyperparathyroidism complicated with hyperparathyroid crisis--a case report]."