Muscarinic M2 Receptor

A specific subtype of muscarinic receptor found in the lower BRAIN, the HEART and in SMOOTH MUSCLE-containing organs. Although present in smooth muscle the M2 muscarinic receptor appears not to be involved in contractile responses.

Also Known As:

Receptor, Muscarinic M2; Muscarinic Receptors M2; Receptors, Muscarinic M2; M2 Receptor, Muscarinic; M2 Receptors, Muscarinic; M2, Muscarinic Receptor; M2, Muscarinic Receptors; Muscarinic M2 Receptors; Receptor M2, Muscarinic; Receptors M2, Muscarinic; Muscarinic Receptor M2

Networked: 140 relevant articles (2 outcomes, 13 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins: 1
- Proteins: 484843
  - Membrane Proteins: 10078
    - Cell Surface Receptors: 2125
      - G-Protein-Coupled Receptors: 4701
        Muscarinic Receptors: 2434
        Muscarinic M2 Receptor: 140
        human CHRM2 protein
      - Neurotransmitter Receptors: 562
        Cholinergic Receptors: 3880
        Muscarinic Receptors: 2434
        Muscarinic M2 Receptor: 140
        human CHRM2 protein

Experts

1.	Tata, Ada Maria: 9 articles (01/2022 - 04/2013)
2.	Fryer, Allison D: 9 articles (01/2021 - 04/2002)
3.	Jacoby, David B: 8 articles (01/2021 - 04/2002)
4.	Di Bari, Maria: 6 articles (01/2021 - 04/2013)
5.	Yu, Xichun: 5 articles (01/2021 - 09/2009)
6.	Fiore, Mario: 4 articles (01/2021 - 11/2015)
7.	Kem, David C: 4 articles (01/2016 - 09/2009)
8.	Alessandrini, Francesco: 3 articles (01/2021 - 11/2015)
9.	Li, Hongliang: 3 articles (01/2021 - 06/2015)
10.	Sciaccaluga, Miriam: 3 articles (01/2021 - 04/2013)

Related Diseases

1.	Alzheimer Disease (Alzheimer's Disease) 03/01/1996 - "These results suggest that the efficacy of muscarinic M2 receptor G-protein coupling shows regional selective changes in Alzheimer's disease postmortem brain with deficits occurring only in a region that shows severe pathology." 01/01/2016 - "Neurochemical alterations in Alzheimer's disease (AD) include cholinergic neuronal loss in the nucleus basalis of Meynert (nbM) and a decrease in densities of the M2 muscarinic receptor subtype in areas related to learning and memory. " 06/01/2008 - "Neuropsychiatric behaviours in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients have been associated with neocortical alterations of presynaptic cholinergic and muscarinic M2 receptor markers. " 03/01/1996 - "Acetylcholine muscarinic M2 receptor stimulated [35S]GTP gamma S binding shows regional selective changes in Alzheimer's disease postmortem brain." 02/15/1995 - "Preservation of acetylcholine muscarinic M2 receptor G-protein interactions in the neocortex of patients with Alzheimer's disease."
2.	Dilated Cardiomyopathy (Cardiomyopathy, Congestive) 01/01/2015 - "Previous studies showed that autoantibodies (M2-AA) against the second extracellular loop of M2 muscarinic receptor (M2AChR-el2) from dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) serum could induce DCM-like morphological changes in mice hearts. " 05/01/1996 - "This article will attempt to focus on clinical and experimental studies of autoimmunity induced by the M2 muscarinic receptor as a putative autoantigen and their implications in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy." 01/01/1999 - "Circulating autoantibodies against the human M2 muscarinic receptors have been previously shown in 38% of patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. " 01/01/1994 - "These results suggest that the second extracellular loop of the M2 muscarinic receptor is an immunologically and functionally important domain with properties comparable to those found for autoantibodies against the same domain in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. " 06/01/2012 - "In the early 1990s, autoantibodies reacting with the M2 muscarinic receptor were found in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and subsequently, in patients with Chagas heart disease and arrhythmic disorders. "
3.	Asthma (Bronchial Asthma) 10/01/2018 - "Mechanistic studies have identified blockade of autoinhibitory M2 muscarinic receptors on parasympathetic nerves that innervate airway smooth muscle as one mechanism by which OPs induce airway hyperreactivity, but significant questions remain regarding the mechanism(s) by which OPs cause neuronal M2 receptor dysfunction and, more generally, how OPs cause persistent asthma, especially after developmental exposures. " 05/01/2010 - "The loss of M2 muscarinic receptors function occurs in asthmatics and it contributes to bronchial hyperresponsiveness and it is not a chronic feature of asthma, instead it characterizes asthma exacerbation. " 01/01/2000 - "Loss of function of lung neuronal M2 muscarinic receptors may also occur under certain circumstances in patients with asthma, although the mechanisms are not yet established." 07/01/1998 - "Loss of function of pulmonary neuronal M2 muscarinic receptors has also been reported in patients with asthma, although the clinical significance of this dysfunction and the mechanisms underlying it are not yet established." 07/01/1998 - "Pulmonary neuronal M2 muscarinic receptor function in asthma and animal models of hyperreactivity."
4.	Tremor (Tremors) 02/01/2005 - "These studies indicate that mu-opioid receptors play an important role through the striatal M2 muscarinic receptors to regulate the development of tolerance to DFP-induced tremors." 10/15/2004 - "These results suggest that the enhancement of DFP-induced tremors may be associated with the compensatory up-regulation of acetylcholinesterase activity and compensatory down-regulation of M2 muscarinic receptors in the striatum of mu-opioid receptor knockout mice." 10/15/2004 - "Our data show increased DFP-induced tremors, compensatory up-regulation of acetylcholinesterase activity, and compensatory down-regulation of M2 muscarinic receptors in the striatum of mice lacking mu-opioid receptor gene. "
5.	Substance Withdrawal Syndrome (Withdrawal Symptoms) 08/24/1998 - "Prevention of morphine-induced muscarinic (M2) receptor adaptation suppresses the expression of withdrawal symptoms." 01/01/1991 - "The purpose of this study was to determine whether selective blockade of central M1 or M2 muscarinic receptor subtypes could provide inhibition of naloxone precipitated withdrawal symptoms in morphine dependent rats. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	GTP-Binding Proteins (G-Protein)
2.	Acetylcholine (Acetylcholine Chloride)
3.	oxotremorine M
4.	Magnesium Chloride
5.	Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate
6.	Autoantibodies
7.	Adrenergic Receptors (Adrenergic Receptor)
8.	mu Opioid Receptors (mu Opioid Receptor)
9.	Morphine (MS Contin)
10.	Isoflurophate (DFP)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Ovariectomy (Oophorectomy)
2.	Intravenous Administration
3.	Therapeutics
4.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
5.	Aftercare (After-Treatment)