Vitamin K 2 (Vitamin K2)

A group of substances similar to VITAMIN K 1 which contains a ring of 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinione and an isoprenoid side chain of varying number of isoprene units. In vitamin K 2, each isoprene unit contains a double bond. They are produced by bacteria including the normal intestinal flora.

Also Known As:

Networked: 472 relevant articles (44 outcomes, 92 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Iwamoto, Jun: 22 articles (01/2021 - 07/2002)
2.	Takeda, Tsuyoshi: 18 articles (01/2021 - 01/2003)
3.	Sato, Yoshihiro: 15 articles (01/2021 - 01/2004)
4.	Miyazawa, Keisuke: 11 articles (03/2020 - 09/2003)
5.	Mizuta, Toshihiko: 9 articles (02/2019 - 02/2006)
6.	Matsumoto, Hideo: 9 articles (01/2018 - 01/2009)
7.	Schurgers, Leon J: 8 articles (01/2022 - 11/2004)
8.	Ozaki, Iwata: 8 articles (02/2019 - 02/2006)
9.	Shiraki, Masataka: 8 articles (07/2017 - 03/2002)
10.	Ohyashiki, Kazuma: 8 articles (09/2010 - 09/2003)

Related Diseases

1.	Osteoporosis 03/01/2015 - "Subgroup analysis of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis revealed a significant improvement of vertebral BMD for both medium-term and long-term results favoring vitamin K2 group (p < 0.00001 and p = 0.0005). " 01/01/2001 - "In conclusion, vitamin K(2) is thought to be beneficial for the properties of bone microarchitecture in the condition of osteoporosis." 09/01/2022 - "Vitamin K2 supplementation has been revealed to be effective in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in Japan, but further proof for the effectiveness of this practice is still needed. " 03/01/2015 - "Vitamin K2 has been revealed to be effective in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in Japan, which was not confirmed in western countries. " 04/30/2006 - "Vitamin K2 is widely used for the treatment of osteoporosis in Japan. "
2.	Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Hepatoma) 01/01/2013 - "To evaluate the chemopreventive efficacy of vitamin K2 (VK2) analog in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after curative hepatic resection or local ablation, since a recent randomized control trial (RCT) and systematic review have given contradictory results. " 07/01/2012 - "Enhanced therapeutic efficacy of vitamin K2 by silencing BCL-2 expression in SMMC-7721 hepatocellular carcinoma cells." 11/29/2012 - "Role of vitamin K2 in preventing the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after curative treatment: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials." 01/01/2009 - "Several clinical trials revealed that vitamin K2 reduced de novo formation and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). " 02/26/2019 - "Mechanisms of PKC-Mediated Enhancement of HIF-1α Activity and its Inhibition by Vitamin K2 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells."
3.	Hip Fractures (Intertrochanteric Fractures) 06/26/2006 - "Pooling the 7 trials with fracture data in a meta-analysis, we found an odds ratio (OR) favoring menaquinone of 0.40 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.25-0.65) for vertebral fractures, an OR of 0.23 (95% CI, 0.12-0.47) for hip fractures, and an OR of 0.19 (95% CI, 0.11-0.35) for all nonvertebral fractures. " 01/01/2018 - "Retraction Note to: Efficacy of Menatetrenone (Vitamin K2) against Non-Vertebral and Hip Fractures in Patients with Neurological Diseases : Meta-Analysis of Three Randomized, Controlled Trials." 01/01/2009 - "The purpose of the present study was to clarify the efficacy of menatetrenone (vitamin K(2)) against non-vertebral and hip fractures in patients with neurological diseases. " 01/01/2009 - "Efficacy of menatetrenone (vitamin K2) against non-vertebral and hip fractures in patients with neurological diseases: meta-analysis of three randomized, controlled trials." 01/01/2006 - "On the other hand, the results of a preclinical study do suggest the possible efficacy of combined treatment with vitamin K2 and raloxifene in the prevention of vertebral and hip fractures in postmenopausal women, although no clinical studies have reported on the effects of combined treatment with vitamin K2 and raloxifene in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. "
4.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 01/01/2009 - "Hence, we aimed to examine the efficacy of vitamin K(2) on the production of DCP as well as tumor cell growth and invasion. " 01/01/2018 - "Numerous studies have recently shown that vitamin K2 (VK2) has antitumor effects in a variety of tumor cells, but there are few reports demonstrating antitumor effects of VK2 in vivo. " 01/01/2016 - "The effects of vitamin K2 on apoptosis in a variety of cancer cells have been well established in previous studies. " 01/01/2013 - "In recent years, several studies have shown that vitamin k2 (VK2) has anticancer activity in a variety of cancer cells. " 06/01/2018 - "Vitamin K2 (VK2), which exerts anticancer effects on a number of cancer cell lines, is considered to be a prospective novel agent for the treatment of cancer. "
5.	Bone Resorption 04/01/2003 - "The present study provides evidence indicating that vitamin K2 has the potential to suppress bone resorption or bone turnover and/or stimulate bone formation in vivo in ORX and/or NX rats." 08/01/1999 - "Mechanism in inhibitory effects of vitamin K2 on osteoclastic bone resorption: in vivo study in osteopetrotic (op/op) mice." 01/01/2011 - "Several bone protective factors are reported to exhibit stimulatory activities on bone formation coupled with inhibitory effects on bone resorption; one such factor is vitamin K2. " 03/01/2010 - "These results suggested that vitamin K(2) downregulated bone turnover and stimulated lamellar bone formation in GC-untreated rats and prevented an increase in bone resorption while maintaining bone formation and prevented a decrease in lamellar bone formation in GC-treated rats. " 04/30/2006 - "These findings suggest that vitamin K2 may not only stimulate bone formation, but may also suppress bone resorption. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	menatetrenone
2.	Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3)
3.	Raloxifene Hydrochloride (Evista)
4.	Vitamin K 1 (Phylloquinone)
5.	Risedronic Acid (Actonel)
6.	Etidronic Acid (HEDP)
7.	Glucocorticoids
8.	Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE Inhibitors)
9.	Vitamin K
10.	Calcium

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics
2.	Renal Dialysis (Hemodialysis)
3.	Transplantation
4.	Glycemic Control
5.	Ligation