Diffuse Axonal Injury

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72 relevant articles (3 outcomes, 16 trials/studies) found for this Disease

Description: A relatively common sequela of blunt head injury, characterized by a global disruption of axons throughout the brain. Associated clinical features may include NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE; DEMENTIA; and other disorders.

Also Known As:

DAI (Diffuse Axonal Injury); Axonal Injuries, Diffuse; DAIs (Diffuse Axonal Injury); Diffuse Axonal Injuries; Injuries, Diffuse Axonal; Injury, Diffuse Axonal; Axonal Injury, Diffuse

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Nervous System Diseases: 3414

Central Nervous System Diseases: 930

Brain Diseases: 1120

Brain Injuries: 7031

Diffuse Axonal Injury: 72

Nervous System Trauma: 41

Craniocerebral Trauma: 3292

Brain Injuries: 7031

Diffuse Axonal Injury: 72

Disorders of Environmental Origin

Wounds and Injuries: 60713

Craniocerebral Trauma: 3292

Brain Injuries: 7031

Diffuse Axonal Injury: 72

Nervous System Trauma: 41

Craniocerebral Trauma: 3292

Brain Injuries: 7031

Diffuse Axonal Injury: 72

Related Diseases

1.	Brain Injuries (Brain Injury)
2.	Brain Ischemia (Cerebral Ischemia)
3.	Craniocerebral Trauma (Head Injury)
4.	Brain Hypoxia (Cerebral Hypoxia)
5.	Wounds and Injuries (Trauma)

Experts

1.	Li, Yong-Hong: 1 article (06/2008)
2.	Chen, Zong-Yun: 1 article (06/2008)
3.	Wang, Jing-Yu: 1 article (06/2008)
4.	Iwama, T: 1 article (02/2007)
5.	Okumura, A: 1 article (02/2007)
6.	Miwa, K: 1 article (02/2007)
7.	Nakayama, N: 1 article (02/2007)
8.	Nakashima, T: 1 article (02/2007)
9.	Soeda, A: 1 article (02/2007)
10.	Shokouhi, Ghaffar: 1 article (01/2007)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Diffuse Axonal Injury:

1.	Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide (PACAP)IBA 04/01/2008 - "The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of PACAP administration on diffuse axonal injury (DAI), an important contributor to morbidity and mortality associated with TBI, in a central fluid percussion (CFP) model of TBI" 05/01/2006 - "While the results of this study highlighted the complexity of the pathogenesis and manifestation of diffuse axonal injury, they also indicate that PACAP should be considered a potential therapeutic agent in TBI." 12/15/2004 - "The aim of the present study was to examine the possible neuroprotective effect of PACAP in a rat model of diffuse axonal injury induced by impact acceleration" 05/01/2006 - "Based on the protective effects of PACAP in cerebral ischemia and the presence of common pathogenic mechanisms in cerebral ischemia and traumatic brain injury (TBI), the aim of the present study was to investigate the possible protective effect of PACAP administered 30 min or 1 h postinjury in a rat model of diffuse axonal injury" Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Phosphorus (Red Phosphorus)IBA 12/01/1995 - "The present study has used phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and the rotarod motor test to characterize metabolic and neurologic consequences of severe diffuse axonal injury in rats induced by impact acceleration" 03/01/1998 - "The present study compares the neuroprotective efficacy of MgSO4 and MgCl2 in a severe model of diffuse axonal injury in rats using phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and the rotarod test to monitor effects on metabolism and neurologic outcome, respectively" Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Magnesium Chloride FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/1998 - "The present study compares the neuroprotective efficacy of MgSO4 and MgCl2 in a severe model of diffuse axonal injury in rats using phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and the rotarod test to monitor effects on metabolism and neurologic outcome, respectively" 03/01/1998 - "These earlier studies, however, have been limited to models of injury that do not produce a significant degree of diffuse axonal injury and have used either MgSO4 or MgCl2 as the magnesium salt" Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3)FDA Link 01/01/2005 - "Our data indicate that vitamin D3 has a beneficial effect in diffuse axonal injury and may be useful in the management of this condition." 01/01/2005 - "We investigated the therapeutic effect of vitamin D3 in a rat diffuse axonal injury model" 01/01/2005 - "Therapeutic effect of vitamin D3 in a rat diffuse axonal injury model." Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Amantadine (Aman)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2003 - "Amantadine to improve neurorecovery in traumatic brain injury-associated diffuse axonal injury: a pilot double-blind randomized trial." 08/01/2002 - "Amantadine to improve neurorecovery in traumatic brain injury-associated diffuse axonal injury: a pilot double-blind randomized trial." Order ALL the reference details at left...
6.	Amyloid (Amyloid Fibrils)IBA 08/01/2005 - "Expression of beta-amyloid precursor protein in diffuse axonal injury of rats]" 02/01/1999 - "beta-Amyloid precursor protein (beta-APP) immunohistochemical staining is highly sensitive in identifying diffuse axonal injury" 01/01/1999 - "Recently, it has been reported that a diagnosis of diffuse axonal injury in cases with a short survival period can be made with the use of immunolabelling for beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP)" 06/01/2008 - "Using immunomarkers of axonal pathology [beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta-APP) and apoptotic marker fractin], we tested the hypothesis that widespread (diffuse) axonal injury occurs in the gliotic white matter beyond the foci of necrosis in PVL, thus contributing to the white matter volume reduction" 02/01/2000 - "beta-Amyloid precursor protein (beta-APP) immunohistochemistry recently has been shown to be a highly effective method for identifying diffuse axonal injury in the brains of infants with shaken baby syndrome" Order ALL the reference details at left...
7.	Protons (Proton)IBA 05/01/1998 - "OBJECT: This study was conducted to determine whether proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a sensitive method for detecting diffuse axonal injury, which is a primary sequela of traumatic brain injury (TBI)" 05/01/2005 - "Proton MR spectroscopic imaging depicts diffuse axonal injury in children with traumatic brain injury." 03/01/2005 - "OBJECTIVE: To determine whether proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) could be a useful tool for detecting microscopic diffuse axonal injury to evaluate the functional status of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI)" 10/01/2003 - "Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) suggested almost complete axonal recovery 21 months after trauma in a patient with severe diffuse axonal injury" Order ALL the reference details at left...
8.	CalciumIBA 11/01/2001 - "OBJECTIVE: To study changes in free calcium (Ca(2+)), neuronal and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and ultrastructure in brain after diffuse axonal injury (DAI) with secondary brain insults (SBIs)" 10/01/1996 - "New interpretations of established concepts, such as diffuse axonal injury, are discussed; specific events, such as free radical production, excess production of excitatory amino acids, and disruption of calcium homeostasis, are reviewed" 12/01/1995 - "There has been controversy for some time as to whether a posttraumatic influx of calcium ions occurs in stretch/nondisruptively injured axons within the central nervous system in both human diffuse axonal injury and a variety of models of such injury" 10/31/2004 - "We have recently demonstrated that the weight- drop induced moderate diffuse axonal injury (mDAI) in rats causes a rapid decline in serum ionized magnesium (Mg(2+)) and a significant increase in the amount of serum ionized calcium (Ca(2+)) relative to Mg(2+) (Ca(2+)/ Mg(2+))" Order ALL the reference details at left...
9.	MagnesiumIBA 10/31/2004 - "Apoptotic change in response to magnesium therapy after moderate diffuse axonal injury in rats." 03/01/1998 - "These earlier studies, however, have been limited to models of injury that do not produce a significant degree of diffuse axonal injury and have used either MgSO4 or MgCl2 as the magnesium salt" 10/31/2004 - "We have recently demonstrated that the weight- drop induced moderate diffuse axonal injury (mDAI) in rats causes a rapid decline in serum ionized magnesium (Mg(2+)) and a significant increase in the amount of serum ionized calcium (Ca(2+)) relative to Mg(2+) (Ca(2+)/ Mg(2+))" Order ALL the reference details at left...
10.	Horseradish PeroxidaseIBA 01/01/1990 - "Light microscopy study of optic nerve specimens after horseradish peroxidase injection into the vitreous of the animal's eye showed that axonal lesions were identical to those seen in human and primate post-traumatic diffuse axonal injury (DAI)" 01/01/2000 - "The immunolocalization of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) after diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is demonstrated using a midline fluid percussion rat model (moderate brain injury of 1000 mm Hg was generated) and the effects of TNF alpha on the axolemmal permeability using horseradish peroxidase as a tracer" Order ALL the reference details at left...

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Axotomy 04/01/1997 - "In animal models of human diffuse axonal injury, axonal swellings leading to secondary axotomy occur between 2 and 6 h after injury" 12/01/2007 - "Following central nervous system trauma, diffuse axonal injury and secondary axotomy result from a cascade of cellular alterations including cytoskeletal and mitochondrial disruption" Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Walking 06/01/2004 - "Multivariate regression analysis generated prediction models for time to independent ambulation, using admission FIM instrument scores and age (38% of variance); initial gait score, loss of consciousness, and age (40% of variance); or initial gait score and PTA (58% of variance), when restricted to just those patients with diffuse axonal injury" Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Protective Devices (Safety Device) 01/01/2001 - "The future publication will encompass experimental, analytical, and some numerical and regulatory information and that will be divided into the following sections: 1. head injury experimentation involving translatory and rotational motion: equipment, subjects and mechanical and physiological consequences 2. diffuse axonal injury: production and traumatic effects; mechanical properties at the axonal and neuronal level 3. vehicular crash investigation and simulation: reconstruction methodologies, staging, surrogate validation, and occupant protection, including vehicular design 4. injury thresholds and tolerances, including skull and vessel failure and brain and brainstem damage, including consideration of loading directions 5. criteria for head injury: governmental and industry regulations, including effects of combined motion- and tissue-level loading 6. further discussions of cranial component properties and injury mechanisms 7. sports head injury considerations: boxing, baseball, softball, football, ice hockey, and skiing activities; protective head devices for these activities 8. vehicular protective devices: design, efficacy, standards, and limitations; models for helmets and experimental validation" Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Enteral Nutrition (Feeding, Tube) 08/01/2007 - "In a scenario of diffuse axonal injury (DAI), clinicians agreed strongly that fever reduction, early enteral feeding, intensive glucose control, and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP)-directed management were appropriate" Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 11/01/2001 - "The MRI changes of central pontine myelinolysis can also mimic MS. Diffuse axonal injury, radiation and chemotherapy induce lesions that resemble MS, however the clinical history will exclude these possibilities" Order ALL the reference details at left...

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