Gastroschisis

A congenital defect with major fissure in the ABDOMINAL WALL lateral to, but not at, the UMBILICUS. This results in the extrusion of VISCERA. Unlike OMPHALOCELE, herniated structures in gastroschisis are not covered by a sac or PERITONEUM.

Also Known As:

Networked: 666 relevant articles (22 outcomes, 79 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Umbilical Hernia (Omphalocele)
2.	Diaphragmatic Hernia
3.	Pain (Aches)
4.	Necrotizing Enterocolitis
5.	Esophageal Atresia

Experts

1.	National Birth Defects Prevention Study: 13 articles (05/2022 - 07/2008)
2.	Sbragia, Lourenço: 11 articles (01/2021 - 11/2005)
3.	Werler, Martha M: 11 articles (10/2017 - 01/2002)
4.	Shaw, Gary M: 9 articles (01/2021 - 10/2006)
5.	Akgür, Feza M: 8 articles (08/2016 - 04/2003)
6.	Skarsgard, Erik D: 7 articles (04/2018 - 01/2006)
7.	Olguner, Mustafa: 7 articles (08/2016 - 02/2004)
8.	Feldkamp, Marcia L: 6 articles (05/2022 - 01/2010)
9.	Zurakowski, David: 6 articles (03/2020 - 08/2012)
10.	Reefhuis, Jennita: 6 articles (01/2020 - 06/2012)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Gastroschisis:

1.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)IBA 01/01/2020 - "Antenatal corticosteroids and outcomes in gastroschisis: A multicenter retrospective cohort study." 01/01/2012 - "During a period of 18 month we treated 5 patients with gastroschisis using the following management pathway: Starting at 30th week of gestation, weekly ultrasound evaluation of fetal gut and pulmonary maturation with corticosteroids. " 08/01/2006 - "Impact of corticosteroid on intestinal injury in a gastroschisis rat model: morphometric analysis." 03/01/2006 - "The authors evaluated the effects of maternal corticosteroid administration on the intestines of rats that underwent fetal gastroschisis. " 03/01/2006 - "Impact of corticosteroid on intestinal injury in a gastroschisis rat model: morphometric analysis."
2.	siliconized nylonIBA 01/01/1982 - "Recent clinical reports suggest that the majority of neonates with gastroschisis are best managed with a silon pouch technique. " 08/01/1980 - "From 1969 to 1976 inclusive, 44 neonates with gastroschisis were treated with either primary closure or the application of a Silon pouch. " 08/01/1980 - "Gastroschisis: primary closure or Silon pouch." 09/01/1978 - "The authors' findings indicate that primary reduction and closure of the defect has a distinct advantage over use of a Silon pouch in the treatment of gastroschisis." 09/01/1978 - "The motility of the gastrointestinal tract after the accepted management of gastroschisis by using a Silon pouch and gradually reducing the herniated intestine is compared with the intestinal motility after primary reduction and closure of the defect. "
3.	CollagenIBA 03/01/1995 - "The proliferation rate of smooth muscle was significantly lower and the submucosal collagen thickness was significantly greater in the gastroschisis animals during both periods. " 03/01/2013 - "The aim of this study was to cover the eviscerated bowel in gastroschisis with a collagen scaffold to protect the bowel and induce cell growth into the scaffold, which could lead to skin or abdominal wall formation replacing the scaffold. " 03/01/2013 - "Prenatal coverage of the bowel in experimental gastroschisis with a collagen scaffold is feasible in fetal lambs, significantly diminished damage to the bowel wall, and skin and connective tissue replaced the scaffold. " 03/01/2013 - "Prenatal coverage of experimental gastroschisis with a collagen scaffold to protect the bowel." 12/01/2008 - "We evaluated the regeneration of the abdominal wall using a dual-layer collagen biomatrix, and the protective effect on the bowel of fetal abdominal wall repair in a fetal sheep model for gastroschisis. "
4.	Cisapride (Propulsid)FDA Link 04/01/1997 - "Cisapride improved contractility in newborns with gastroschisis, as well as in both newborn and adult control groups. " 04/01/1999 - "The objective of this study was to compare the neonatal postoperative course and morbidity for patients with gastroschisis who received cisapride with those who did not receive cisapride. " 04/01/1997 - "These data suggest that cisapride may be useful for treating hypoperistalsis in infants with gastroschisis. " 04/01/1999 - "Cisapride and caesarean section: their role in babies with gastroschisis." 04/01/1999 - "Our study identified no benefit from cisapride therapy in babies with gastroschisis and also there was no benefit from elective Caesarean section for babies with antenatal diagnosis of gastroschisis."
5.	PlasticsIBA 01/01/2019 - "Current results suggest that plastic closure may be beneficial for infants with gastroschisis requiring silo formation. " 01/01/2019 - "We aimed to evaluate the current evidence for plastic closure in infants with gastroschisis. " 01/01/2019 - "Safety and usefulness of plastic closure in gastroschisis remains unclear. " 01/01/2019 - "Recently, plastic closure of abdominal defect in infants with gastroschisis has been used. " 01/01/2019 - "Safety and usefulness of plastic closure in infants with gastroschisis: a systematic review and meta-analysis."
6.	ORALIT (ORS)IBA 06/01/2014 - "Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) independently for maternal smoking and maternal and infant gene variants, and to assess joint associations of maternal smoking and maternal or infant gene variants with gastroschisis. " 08/01/2013 - "Among mothers ≥20 years old, US-born non-Hispanic white parents had a lower risk of gastroschisis in offspring as compared to either US-born Hispanic (odds ratios [ORs] ranging from 0.55 to 0.60) or English-speaking Hispanic (ORs ranging from 0.58 to 0.65) parents. " 06/01/2007 - "Only a short cohabitation time showed a significant OR for gastroschisis (OR = 2.36, 95% CI: 1.52-3.66, p < .001), whereas ORs were not significant for primigravidity (OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 0.84-2.35, p = .192) nor for changing paternity (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 0.49-3.10, p = .752). " 01/01/2020 - "Survival for children with spina bifida, oesophageal atresia, biliary atresia, diaphragmatic hernia, gastroschisis, and Down syndrome with an associated CHD has significantly improved over time, with the pooled odds ratios (ORs) of surviving per 10-year increase in birth year being OR = 1.34 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.24-1.46), OR = 1.50 (95% CI 1.38-1.62), OR = 1.62 (95% CI 1.28-2.05), OR = 1.57 (95% CI 1.37-1.81), OR = 1.24 (95% CI 1.02-1.5), and OR = 1.99 (95% CI 1.67-2.37), respectively (p < 0.001 for all, except for gastroschisis [p = 0.029]). " 04/01/2012 - "Compared with primiparous mothers, nulliparous mothers were more likely to have infants with amniotic band sequence, hydrocephaly, esophageal atresia, hypospadias, limb reduction deficiencies, diaphragmatic hernia, omphalocele, gastroschisis, tetralogy of Fallot, and septal cardiac defects, with significant ORs (1.2 to 2.3). "
7.	SteroidsIBA 01/01/2020 - "Maternal antenatal corticosteroids use, under current antenatal steroid protocols, in gastroschisis is not associated with an improvement in neonatal outcomes such as time to full enteral feeds or length of hospital stay."
8.	Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/2010 - "A case-control study identified an association between acetaminophen use during pregnancy and risk of gastroschisis in the offspring, but the study was limited by recall bias, unblinded interviewers, possible misclassification of gastroschisis, confounding by indication, difficulty in separating out the effects of combination products, and possible selection bias. " 12/01/2010 - "Two case-control studies failed to identify a statistically significant association between acetaminophen use during pregnancy and gastroschisis. " 03/01/2008 - "Acetaminophen (APAP) use in early pregnancy has been associated with the risk of gastroschisis, a rare but serious congenital defect of the abdominal wall. " 01/01/2010 - "Among women reporting a first-trimester infection and fever, use of acetaminophen was associated with a statistically significantly decreased odds ratio (OR) for anencephaly or craniorachischisis (adjusted OR 0.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.08-0.80), encephalocele (adjusted OR 0.17, 95% CI 0.03-0.87), anotia or microtia (adjusted OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.07-0.86), cleft lip with or without cleft palate (adjusted OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.26-0.75), and gastroschisis (adjusted OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.18-0.94). " 03/01/2008 - "The results of this study lead to the hypothesis that genetic variation in SULT1A3/4 represents a risk factor for the development of gastroschisis in the offspring of mothers exposed to APAP early in pregnancy. "
9.	DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)IBA 01/01/2021 - "The purpose of this study was to describe the genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation profile in fetuses with gastroschisis, determine whether the profile was inherited, and investigate any possible correlations with maternal risk factors. " 01/01/2018 - "We found no evidence of an association between herpesvirus DNA in neonatal blood spots taken at birth and gastroschisis. " 01/01/2018 - "In this study, we examined newborn bloodspots from 50 children with gastroschisis and 50 healthy controls using a highly sensitive digital droplet polymerase chain reaction assay covering eight human herpesviruses [herpes simplex sirus 1/2, Epstein-Barr virus (HHV-4), cytomegalovirus (HHV-5), HHV-6A/B, HHV-7, and HHV-8], to examine the presence of herpesvirus DNA at birth, which would suggest in utero infection. " 01/01/2016 - "Three genetic markers were investigated in 46 patients with gastroschisis and 89 ethnicity-matched controls for association studies using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP) or TaqMan Genotyping Assays on genomic DNA. " 11/01/1990 - "Protein/DNA, DNA/weight, and protein/weight ratios showed that repaired mucosal cells were significantly more proliferative, smaller, and less mature than control or gastroschisis cells. "
10.	alpha-Fetoproteins (alpha-Fetoprotein)IBA 08/01/2013 - "Between 2008 and 2011, we recruited 13 pregnant women in mid-gestation who were referred to the UCSD Prenatal Center for evaluation of an abnormal maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) test and subsequently identified as carrying a baby with gastroschisis. " 04/01/2012 - "Between 2008 and 2011, we recruited 13 pregnant women in mid-gestation who were referred to the UCSD Prenatal Center for evaluation of an abnormal alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) test and subsequently identified as carrying a baby with gastroschisis. " 11/01/2000 - "An 18-year-old primigravida had a fetus with gastroschisis detected by ultrasound performed for elevated maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein. " 01/01/1984 - "Prenatal diagnosis of two cases of gastroschisis following alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) screening." 10/01/1980 - "After a first case of gastroschisis, it is advisable to measure the alpha-fetoprotein level in the maternal serum and to perform diagnostic ultrasonography in the next pregnancy in order to make a prenatal diagnosis. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Length of Stay 08/01/2007 - "Although the survival in gastroschisis has improved to more than 85%, serious morbidity with consequent long hospital stay is still very common. " 08/01/2018 - "The purpose of this study was to use quality improvement methodology to standardize care in the management of gastroschisis that may contribute to length of stay (LOS). " 05/01/2016 - "This study evaluated newborns with gastroschisis, seeking to associate nutritional characteristics with time of hospital stay. " 01/29/2023 - " Despite improvements in our ability for early diagnosis and providing supportive care for infants with gastroschisis, it continues to be associated with long length of stay and morbidity. " 01/01/2023 - "There is limited evidence to suggest that birth in a maternity unit with a colocated surgical centre was associated with a reduction in mortality for CDH and decreased length of stay for gastroschisis. "
2.	Enteral Nutrition (Feeding, Tube) 05/01/2006 - "Infants with gastroschisis and prenatal bowel dilation were significantly slower to initiate enteral feeding and tended to have a reduced incidence of primary closure. " 10/01/2021 - "Improved post-operative outcomes following gastroschisis repair are attributed to advancement in perioperative and post-operative care and early enteral feeding. " 07/01/2018 - "This study aimed to identify the factors associated with the successful early enteral feeding in gastroschisis and to develop further guidelines of treatment. " 02/01/2010 - "The results of this study do not support the idea of anticipating the delivery of fetuses with gastroschisis in order to achieve full enteral feeding earlier." 02/01/2010 - "The main objective of this study was to evaluate the association between prematurity and the time to achieve full enteral feeding in newborns with gastroschisis. "
3.	Parenteral Nutrition 06/01/2023 - "Background: Gastroschisis is a challenging neonatal condition often with prolonged hospitalizations, need for parenteral nutrition, infectious complications, and can even result in death. " 09/30/2022 - "We explored the historical effect of four specific clinical innovations—mechanical ventilation, preformed silos, parenteral nutrition, and pulmonary surfactant—that contributed to mortality decline among gastroschisis infants. " 01/01/2020 - "SBBO was more likely in gastroschisis (40.0% vs 19.4%, P = .025), a shorter residual small bowel (SB) (45.4% vs 66.5%, P = .004), and patients were less likely to wean from parenteral nutrition (PN) (51.4% vs 85.1%, P < .0001). " 10/01/2018 - "The expected outcome of gastroschisis has evolved from an almost certain death of the child prior to the use of parenteral nutrition to almost certain survival. " 12/01/2017 - "A complex gastroschisis was a risk factor for significantly longer parenteral feedings, regardless of the center where patient is treated (Beta = -0.3, p = 0.035). "
4.	Cesarean Section (Caesarean Section) 09/01/1999 - "Cesarean section delivery was beneficial for infants with gastroschisis. " 01/01/2011 - "Close surveillance of pregnancy, elective preterm caesarean section, early surgery and active approach to primary closure and early enteral feeds appears to be a safe and effective line of management in gastroschisis." 03/01/1986 - "Until a large multicenter, prospective randomized study can be accomplished, the present data support the use of cesarean section for delivery of infants with gastroschisis." 01/01/2021 - "In gastroschisis infants, Escherichia-Shigella was the predominate genus, and those delivered via cesarean section had different microbial communities, predominantly Staphylococcus and Streptococcus, from those delivered vaginally. " 12/17/2020 - "The timing and mode of delivery for mothers with fetuses with gastroschisis have been somewhat controversial, but there is no convincing evidence to support routine preterm delivery or elective cesarean section in the absence of obstetric indications. "
5.	Critical Care (Surgical Intensive Care) 09/30/2022 - "Improved Mortality of Patients with Gastroschisis: A Historical Literature Review of Advances in Surgery and Critical Care from 1960-2020." 04/01/2009 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of modern intensive care facilities on the mortality of babies with gastroschisis in Africa. " 01/01/2020 - "Due to advances in neonatal critical care and early surgical management, mortality from gastroschisis and associated complications has decreased to less than 10% in most series. " 07/01/2017 - "Gastroschisis (GS) is a common abdominal wall defect necessitating neonatal surgery and intensive care. " 06/01/2009 - "Prevalence of gastroschisis and associated hospital time continue to rise in neonates who are admitted for intensive care."