Endothelin-3 (Endothelin 3)

A 21-amino acid peptide that circulates in the plasma, but its source is not known. Endothelin-3 has been found in high concentrations in the brain and may regulate important functions in neurons and astrocytes, such as proliferation and development. It also is found throughout the gastrointestinal tract and in the lung and kidney. (N Eng J Med 1995;333(6):356-63)

Also Known As:

Networked: 125 relevant articles (0 outcomes, 12 trials/studies)

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Kos, Lidia: 3 articles (11/2021 - 01/2008)
2.	Arrigucci, Umberto: 2 articles (06/2020 - 06/2020)
3.	Monti, Lucia: 2 articles (06/2020 - 06/2020)
4.	Rossi, Alessandro: 2 articles (06/2020 - 06/2020)
5.	Deng, Xuemei: 2 articles (01/2018 - 02/2011)
6.	Akiyama, Toyoko: 2 articles (01/2017 - 02/2012)
7.	Spencer, Nick J: 2 articles (05/2015 - 04/2011)
8.	Huang, Changzheng: 2 articles (03/2008 - 10/2007)
9.	Bagnato, Anna: 2 articles (02/2007 - 11/2004)
10.	Di Castro, Valeriana: 2 articles (02/2007 - 11/2004)

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 01/01/2023 - "In our current study, using the datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases, we found that endothelin 3 (EDN3) was downregulated and hypermethylated in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). " 11/01/2004 - "In this study we demonstrated that activation of the endothelin-B receptor pathway by endothelin-1 and endothelin-3 contributes to disruption of normal host-tumor interactions by downregulating, at mRNA and protein levels, the expression of E-cadherin and associated alpha-catenin and beta-catenin adhesion proteins, which are critical for E-cadherin function. " 01/01/2015 - "Serum 25(OH)D and SNPs (n = 960) related to genes with relevance for skin pigmentation (tyrosinase [TYR], TYR-related protein 1 [TYRP1], dopachrome tautomerase [DCT], oculocutaneous albinism II [OCA2], two pore segment channel 2 [TPCN2], solute carrier family 24 A4 [SLC24A4], solute carrier family 45 A2 [SLC45A2], agouti signalling peptide [ASIP], cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor [ATF1], microphthalmia-associated transcription factor [MITF], proopiomelanocortin [POMC], cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta [PRKACB], cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit gamma [PRKACG], cAMP-dependent protein kinase type I-alpha regulatory subunit [PRKAR1A], cAMP-dependent protein kinase type II-alpha regulatory subunit [PRKAR2A], cAMP-dependent protein kinase type II-beta regulatory subunit [PRKAR2B], tubulin beta-3 chain/melanocortin receptor 1 [TUBB3/MC1R], Cadherin-1 [CDH1], catenin beta 1 [CTNNB1], Endothelin 1 [EDN1], endothelin 3 [EDN3], endothelin receptor type B [EDNRB], fibroblast growth factor 2 [FGF2], KIT, KIT ligand [KITLG], nerve growth factor [NGF], interferon regulatory factor 4 [IRF4], exocyst complex component 2 [EXOC2], and tumor protein 53 [TP53]) were analyzed in a cohort of participants of the Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health Study (n = 2970). "
2.	Sarcoma (Soft Tissue Sarcoma) 03/01/2006 - "In this study we show that endothelin-3 (ET-3), a vasoactive peptide, is produced by human rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines, whereas it is not expressed by human sarcoma cell lines of non-muscle origin. " 02/01/2011 - "In this study, 13 genes related to melanocyte development were selected to detect expression changes between Silky Fowl and White Leghorn [including SRY-box 10 (Sox10), paired box (Pax3), stem cell factor (Scf), v-kit Hardy-Zuckerman 4 feline sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (Kit), endothelin type-B receptor (Ednrb), endothelin 3 (Edn3), microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (Mitf), tyrosinase (Tyr), tyrosinase-related protein-1 (Trp1), tyrosinase-related protein-2 (Trp2), melanocortin-1 receptor (Mc1r), Agouti-related proteins (Agrp), and Proopiomelanocortin (Pomc)]. "
3.	Fibrosis (Cirrhosis) 08/01/1995 - "The hepatosplanchnic release of endothelin-3 was higher in the patients with cirrhosis, 1.0 +/- 0.7 ng/min, than in the normotensive controls, -0.7 +/- 0.4 ng/min (p = 0.05). " 08/01/1995 - "Hepatic venous endothelin-3 was higher in the patients with cirrhosis, 19.0 +/- 1.4 pg/ml (n = 23), as compared with hypertensive controls, 14.2 +/- 1.3 pg/ml, and normotensive controls, 10.0 +/- 1.4 pg/ml (p < 0.002). " 01/01/1992 - "These data could suggest a role of plasma endothelin-3 in circulatory changes, as they occur in cirrhosis of the liver." 01/01/1992 - "Endothelin-3 like immunoreactivity in plasma of patients with cirrhosis of the liver." 03/01/1995 - "Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the influence of splanchnic and renal passage and of liver function on plasma concentrations of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and endothelin-3 (ET-3) in patients with cirrhosis compared with controls. "
4.	Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage) 01/01/1991 - "Endothelin-3 levels were significantly elevated in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage and may participate in cerebral vasospasm and subsequent neurologic deterioration." 06/01/1997 - "In the clinical part of the study plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of big endothelin-1, endothelin-1 and endothelin-3 in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) were measured serially for 2 weeks after the onset of SAH. " 01/01/1992 - "Long term monitoring of immunoreactive endothelin-1 and endothelin-3 in ventricular cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, and 24-h urine of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage." 01/01/1990 - "There was, however, an immunoreactive component which eluted at the same position as endothelin 3. These results may support the idea that endothelin immunoreactivity in the cerebrospinal fluid originate mainly from endothelial and neural tissues and that endothelin may contribute to the generation of the vasospasm often observed in subarachnoid hemorrhage, a conclusion based on the exceptionally high endothelin immunoreactivity in cerebrospinal fluid observed in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage." 01/01/1991 - "We measured cerebrospinal fluid endothelin-1 and endothelin-3 levels in five groups of patients: normal controls, patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage and cerebral vasospasm, patients with severe head injuries, patients undergoing temporal lobectomy for intractable epilepsy, and a patient with a gunshot injury to the thoracic spine. "
5.	Pheochromocytoma 01/31/1994 - "We have investigated the role of endothelin-3 (ET-3) in the stimulus-secretion coupling mechanism in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells. " 08/01/1997 - "Endothelin-3 or ET receptor subtypes, however, have not been examined in pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma so far. " 08/15/1990 - "An endothelin binding site with high affinity for endothelin-3 was also identified on rat PC12 pheochromocytoma cells, although the apparent molecular mass of this receptor could not be verified by cross-linking studies. " 08/01/1997 - "Immunohistochemical localization of endothelin-1, endothelin-3 and endothelin receptors in human pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Endothelin-1 (Endothelin 1)
2.	Peptides (Polypeptides)
3.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)
4.	Endothelin Receptors (Endothelin Receptor)
5.	Endothelins (Endothelin)
6.	Stem Cell Factor
7.	Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor
8.	beta Catenin
9.	Type 1 Melanocortin Receptor
10.	Cadherins (E-Cadherin)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Protein-Restricted Diet (Diet, Protein Restricted)
2.	Intravenous Injections
3.	Controlled Hypotension
4.	Cannula