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Female Circumcision (Infibulation)

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A general term encompassing three types of excision of the external female genitalia - Sunna, clitoridectomy, and infibulation. It is associated with severe health risks and has been declared illegal in many places, but continues to be widely practiced in a number of countries, particularly in Africa.

Also Known As:

Infibulation; Clitoridectomy; Circumcision, Female; Clitorectomy; Circumcisions, Female; Clitorectomies; Clitoridectomies; Female Circumcisions; Infibulations; Genital Mutilation, Female

Networked: 54 relevant articles (0 outcomes, 4 trials/studies) for this Therapy, Comments

Therapy Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Yalçin, Sule: 1 article (01/2011)
2.	Karnak, Ibrahim: 1 article (01/2011)
3.	Güçer, Safak: 1 article (01/2011)
4.	Celik, Neslihan: 1 article (01/2011)
5.	Roberts, Carla: 1 article (08/2010)
6.	Omurtag, Kenan: 1 article (08/2010)
7.	Asante, Albert: 1 article (08/2010)
8.	Serour, Gamal I: 1 article (05/2010)
9.	Dickens, Bernard M: 1 article (05/2010)
10.	Cook, Rebecca J: 1 article (05/2010)

Related Diseases

1.	Infertility (Sterility) 07/01/2002 - "This study explores the association between type of female circumcision and infertility and fertility in Sudan using the 1989-90 Demographic and Health Survey. " 08/01/2000 - "This study explores the association between female circumcision and infertility and fertility, using information from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS). " 06/01/2004 - "To present a case report of a patient with primary infertility from female circumcision, the management of the patient, and a review of the literature. " 06/01/2004 - "Infertility from female circumcision." 07/01/2002 - "The effects of type of female circumcision on infertility and fertility in Sudan." Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	XX Disorders of Sex Development 46 (Female Pseudohermaphroditism) 05/01/1958 - "Psychologic studies before and after clitoridectomy in female pseudohermaphroditism caused by congenital virilizing adrenal hyperplasia." Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Prolapse 12/01/1997 - "The clinical case presented herein is part of a study intended to demonstrate the validity of infibulation, either alone or combined with bladder neck suspension, for correction of genital prolapse associated with urinary disturbances (incontinence, urine retention) in elderly patients whose general condition does not permit the use of prolonged anesthesia or major destructive surgery. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Hyperplasia 05/01/1958 - "Psychologic studies before and after clitoridectomy in female pseudohermaphroditism caused by congenital virilizing adrenal hyperplasia." Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Infection 05/01/2010 - "This is contrary to medical professional ethics, which condemn medicalization of infibulation and generally of reinfibulation, even as a harm-reduction strategy to spare women the risks of injury and infection from unskilled interventions." 02/01/2000 - "Some examples were displacement activities such as masturbation or exercise, circumcision, infibulation, shaving, vaccination, or requiring partners to be tested for infection. " 12/01/1986 - "A case of traditional female circumcision during pregnancy, as practiced by her ethnic group, the Igbomina-Ekiti of Kawra State, with loss of the fetus as a result of infection, is presented. " 01/01/1977 - " Very often circumcision causes primary infibulation, which is, in turn, still practised in Sudan, Somalia and Ethiopia, and which can provoke severe urogenital disorders and infection, culminating in dyspareunia and apareunia. " 01/01/1966 - " The defibulation operation can cause heavy bleeding and infections, especially genital infections, which can multiply quickly and unnoticed in the tissues created by the infibulation. " Order ALL the reference details at left...

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Plastics
2.	Carbon Monoxide
3.	Antigens

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Anesthesia
2.	Female Circumcision (Infibulation)
3.	Male Circumcision (Circumcision)
4.	Prostheses and Implants (Prosthesis)
5.	Sutures (Suture)

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