Placental Site Trophoblastic Tumor

An uncommon variant of CHORIOCARCINOMA. It is composed almost entirely of mononuclear cytotrophoblasts (TROPHOBLASTS). Because its secretion of hCG (CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN) is low, a large tumor may develop before the hCG can be detected.

Also Known As:

Trophoblastic Tumor, Placental Site; Trophoblastic Tumor, Placental; Placental Trophoblastic Tumor; Placental Trophoblastic Tumors; Placental-Site Trophoblastic Tumors; Trophoblastic Tumor, Placental-Site; Trophoblastic Tumors, Placental; Trophoblastic Tumors, Placental-Site; Tumor, Placental Trophoblastic; Tumor, Placental-Site Trophoblastic; Tumors, Placental Trophoblastic; Tumors, Placental-Site Trophoblastic; Placental-Site Trophoblastic Tumor

Networked: 103 relevant articles (8 outcomes, 8 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Trophoblastic Neoplasms (Trophoblastic Tumor)
2.	Choriocarcinoma
3.	Hydatidiform Mole (Molar Pregnancy)
4.	Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (Trophoblastic Neoplasms, Gestational)
5.	Neoplasms (Cancer)

Experts

1.	Hui, Pei: 3 articles (09/2010 - 10/2007)
2.	Cole, Laurence A: 3 articles (07/2008 - 06/2004)
3.	Khanlian, Sarah A: 3 articles (07/2008 - 06/2004)
4.	Seckl, M J: 2 articles (05/2021 - 02/2000)
5.	Bouchard-Fortier, Geneviève: 2 articles (01/2021 - 01/2021)
6.	Comeau, Robyn: 2 articles (01/2021 - 01/2021)
7.	Dean, Erin: 2 articles (01/2021 - 01/2021)
8.	Eiriksson, Lua: 2 articles (01/2021 - 01/2021)
9.	Jang, Ji-Hyun: 2 articles (01/2021 - 01/2021)
10.	Osborne, Ray: 2 articles (01/2021 - 01/2021)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Placental Site Trophoblastic Tumor:

1.	Methotrexate (Mexate)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/1991 - "Seventeen patients with low- or medium-risk gestational trophoblastic tumors (GTT) and one patient with a placental-site trophoblastic tumor were treated according to an 8-day schedule of low-dose methotrexate (LDMTX) alternating with citrovorum factor (CF). " 06/01/2012 - "Eighteen patients were treated with EP-EMA, either as first-line chemotherapy for high-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (n = 6), placental site trophoblastic tumor (n = 1), or as salvage chemotherapy for gestational trophoblastic neoplasia after single-agent methotrexate (methotrexate, 1 mg/kg, on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 every two weeks) (n = 10) or high-dose methotrexate-etoposide: methotrexate, 1000 mg/m, on day 1; etoposide, 100 mg/m, on days 1 to 2, every week) (n = 1). " 01/01/1998 - "We document a case of long-term remission in a patient with metastatic placental site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT) and attempt to determine the response rate of metastatic PSTT to EMA/CO (etoposide, methotrexate, actinomycin-D, cyclophosphamide, and vincristine) combination chemotherapy based on available reports. " 02/01/2000 - "To evaluate the results of etoposide, cisplatin/etoposide, methotrexate, and actinomycin D (EP/EMA) chemotherapy in patients with gestational trophoblastic tumors (GTTs), who have relapsed after or who have become refractory to EMA/cyclophosphamide and vincristine (CO) chemotherapy, and in patients presenting with metastatic placental site trophoblastic tumors (PSTTs). " 02/01/2000 - "Etoposide and cisplatin/etoposide, methotrexate, and actinomycin D (EMA) chemotherapy for patients with high-risk gestational trophoblastic tumors refractory to EMA/cyclophosphamide and vincristine chemotherapy and patients presenting with metastatic placental site trophoblastic tumors."
2.	Etoposide (VP 16)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/2012 - "Eighteen patients were treated with EP-EMA, either as first-line chemotherapy for high-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (n = 6), placental site trophoblastic tumor (n = 1), or as salvage chemotherapy for gestational trophoblastic neoplasia after single-agent methotrexate (methotrexate, 1 mg/kg, on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 every two weeks) (n = 10) or high-dose methotrexate-etoposide: methotrexate, 1000 mg/m, on day 1; etoposide, 100 mg/m, on days 1 to 2, every week) (n = 1). " 01/01/1998 - "We document a case of long-term remission in a patient with metastatic placental site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT) and attempt to determine the response rate of metastatic PSTT to EMA/CO (etoposide, methotrexate, actinomycin-D, cyclophosphamide, and vincristine) combination chemotherapy based on available reports. " 02/01/2000 - "To evaluate the results of etoposide, cisplatin/etoposide, methotrexate, and actinomycin D (EP/EMA) chemotherapy in patients with gestational trophoblastic tumors (GTTs), who have relapsed after or who have become refractory to EMA/cyclophosphamide and vincristine (CO) chemotherapy, and in patients presenting with metastatic placental site trophoblastic tumors (PSTTs). " 02/01/2000 - "Etoposide and cisplatin/etoposide, methotrexate, and actinomycin D (EMA) chemotherapy for patients with high-risk gestational trophoblastic tumors refractory to EMA/cyclophosphamide and vincristine chemotherapy and patients presenting with metastatic placental site trophoblastic tumors."
3.	Vincristine (Oncovin)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1998 - "We document a case of long-term remission in a patient with metastatic placental site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT) and attempt to determine the response rate of metastatic PSTT to EMA/CO (etoposide, methotrexate, actinomycin-D, cyclophosphamide, and vincristine) combination chemotherapy based on available reports. " 02/01/2000 - "To evaluate the results of etoposide, cisplatin/etoposide, methotrexate, and actinomycin D (EP/EMA) chemotherapy in patients with gestational trophoblastic tumors (GTTs), who have relapsed after or who have become refractory to EMA/cyclophosphamide and vincristine (CO) chemotherapy, and in patients presenting with metastatic placental site trophoblastic tumors (PSTTs). " 02/01/2000 - "Etoposide and cisplatin/etoposide, methotrexate, and actinomycin D (EMA) chemotherapy for patients with high-risk gestational trophoblastic tumors refractory to EMA/cyclophosphamide and vincristine chemotherapy and patients presenting with metastatic placental site trophoblastic tumors."
4.	Dactinomycin (Actinomycin)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1998 - "We document a case of long-term remission in a patient with metastatic placental site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT) and attempt to determine the response rate of metastatic PSTT to EMA/CO (etoposide, methotrexate, actinomycin-D, cyclophosphamide, and vincristine) combination chemotherapy based on available reports. " 02/01/2000 - "To evaluate the results of etoposide, cisplatin/etoposide, methotrexate, and actinomycin D (EP/EMA) chemotherapy in patients with gestational trophoblastic tumors (GTTs), who have relapsed after or who have become refractory to EMA/cyclophosphamide and vincristine (CO) chemotherapy, and in patients presenting with metastatic placental site trophoblastic tumors (PSTTs). " 02/01/2000 - "Etoposide and cisplatin/etoposide, methotrexate, and actinomycin D (EMA) chemotherapy for patients with high-risk gestational trophoblastic tumors refractory to EMA/cyclophosphamide and vincristine chemotherapy and patients presenting with metastatic placental site trophoblastic tumors."
5.	Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1998 - "We document a case of long-term remission in a patient with metastatic placental site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT) and attempt to determine the response rate of metastatic PSTT to EMA/CO (etoposide, methotrexate, actinomycin-D, cyclophosphamide, and vincristine) combination chemotherapy based on available reports. " 02/01/2000 - "To evaluate the results of etoposide, cisplatin/etoposide, methotrexate, and actinomycin D (EP/EMA) chemotherapy in patients with gestational trophoblastic tumors (GTTs), who have relapsed after or who have become refractory to EMA/cyclophosphamide and vincristine (CO) chemotherapy, and in patients presenting with metastatic placental site trophoblastic tumors (PSTTs). " 02/01/2000 - "Etoposide and cisplatin/etoposide, methotrexate, and actinomycin D (EMA) chemotherapy for patients with high-risk gestational trophoblastic tumors refractory to EMA/cyclophosphamide and vincristine chemotherapy and patients presenting with metastatic placental site trophoblastic tumors."
6.	Macrophage Colony-Stimulating FactorIBA 03/01/2001 - "Serial weekly serum samples were selected for CSF-1 assay from representative diagnostic groups of patients with trophoblastic disease: hydatidiform-mole with spontaneous resolution, low-risk post-hydatidiform-mole trophoblastic tumor, partial hydatidiform mole, high-risk metastatic gestational trophoblastic tumor, primary ovarian choriocarcinoma, and placental site trophoblastic tumor. "
7.	Fluorouracil (Carac)FDA LinkGeneric 02/01/2009 - "The combination chemotherapy of 5-FU and Act D is effective in low- and high-risk patients with GTN, but not in patients with placental site trophoblastic tumor; it can be used as primary chemotherapy regimen in high-risk patients with GTN, except those with extensive metastases."
8.	DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)IBA 10/01/1993 - "An immunohistochemical and flow cytometric DNA study of two cases of metastasizing placental site trophoblastic tumor are presented. " 10/01/1992 - "Our study examined the DNA ploidy status and clinicopathologic features of four new cases of placental-site trophoblastic tumor. " 08/01/1990 - "Placental site trophoblastic tumor: immunohistochemical and nuclear DNA study." 01/01/1997 - "Metastasizing placental site trophoblastic tumor: immunohistochemical and DNA analysis. " 10/01/1992 - "Flow cytometric DNA analysis may be a useful adjunct for the identification of placental-site trophoblastic tumors with malignant potential."
9.	ParaffinIBA 08/01/2009 - "Paraffin sections from 24 gestational age controlled normal first-trimester placentas, 47 partial moles, 56 complete moles, 3 invasive moles, 4 gestational choriocarcinomas, and 1 placental-site trophoblastic tumor were studied immunohistochemically for expression of LR1. " 10/01/1993 - "We performed an immunohistochemical and flow cytometric study of the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues of eight recent gestational choriocarcinomas (CCs) and three placental-site trophoblastic tumors (PSTTs). " 09/01/1996 - "Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from 44 normal placentas, 54 implantation sites (37 normal and 17 exaggerated), 13 hydatidiform moles, 13 placental site trophoblastic tumors (PSTT), and 16 choriocarcinomas were evaluated for Mel-CAM expression in trophoblast using a Mel-CAM-specific polyclonal antibody and an immunoperoxidase method. " 09/01/2006 - "Formalin-fixed paraffin blocks for 30 patients (24 with molar pregnancy, 3 with choriocarcinoma, and 3 with placental site trophoblastic tumor) as cases and six products of conception samples from patients with incomplete abortion as controls were included in the study. " 07/01/2011 - "Paraffin sections of 10 normal first-trimester placentas (NP), 10 partial moles (PM), 10 complete moles (CM), 5 choriocarcinomas (CCA) and 5 placental site trophoblastic tumors (PSTT) were studied immunohistochemically for expression of MMP-7, MMP-14, MMP-21, MMP-28, TIMP-3, TIMP-4 and CD147. "
10.	Formaldehyde (Formol)FDA Link 10/01/1993 - "We performed an immunohistochemical and flow cytometric study of the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues of eight recent gestational choriocarcinomas (CCs) and three placental-site trophoblastic tumors (PSTTs). " 09/01/1996 - "Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from 44 normal placentas, 54 implantation sites (37 normal and 17 exaggerated), 13 hydatidiform moles, 13 placental site trophoblastic tumors (PSTT), and 16 choriocarcinomas were evaluated for Mel-CAM expression in trophoblast using a Mel-CAM-specific polyclonal antibody and an immunoperoxidase method. " 09/01/2006 - "Formalin-fixed paraffin blocks for 30 patients (24 with molar pregnancy, 3 with choriocarcinoma, and 3 with placental site trophoblastic tumor) as cases and six products of conception samples from patients with incomplete abortion as controls were included in the study. " 01/01/1998 - "Formalin-fixed tissue samples from 24 normal implantation sites, 19 exaggerated placental sites, five molar implantation sites, 16 placental site trophoblastic tumors, and 12 choriocarcinomas were stained with a Mel-CAM-specific polyclonal antibody and a Ki-67 antibody using streptavidin-biotin immunoperoxidase with two different chromagens. " 01/01/1999 - "Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from three normal term placentas, 13 hydatidiform moles (HM), five choriocarcinomas (CC) (three gestational, one testicular, one mediastinal), and five placental site trophoblastic tumors (PSTT) were immunolabeled with antibodies to the alpha-subunit of inhibin, hPL, and beta-hCG. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 01/01/2000 - "Prolonged remission of recurrent, metastatic placental site trophoblastic tumor after chemotherapy." 01/01/1998 - "Metastatic placental site trophoblastic tumor: long-term remission in a patient treated with EMA/CO chemotherapy." 01/01/2017 - "To review the literature of placental site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT) and explore the effect of postoperative chemotherapy in patients with Stage I. The authors searched literature on Medline, Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), and other resources using the keywords "placental site trophoblastic tumor" and "PSTT" from 1981 ito 2014. " 01/01/2017 - "Postoperative chemotherapy on placental site trophoblastic tumor in early stage: analysis of 60 cases." 01/01/1999 - "Failure of high-dose chemotherapy with peripheral blood stem cell support for refractory placental site trophoblastic tumor."
2.	Therapeutics 06/01/2012 - "To investigate the methods of fertility-sparing therapy for patients with placental site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT) and analyze the outcomes. " 12/01/2006 - "Fertility sparing therapy in a patient with placental site trophoblastic tumor: a case report." 08/01/2002 - "[Diagnosis and therapeutics of placental site trophoblastic tumor]." 10/01/1996 - "In some patients with localized placental site trophoblastic tumor who desire preservation of fertility, more conservative surgical therapy may be considered." 06/01/2004 - "Most disturbing is that the majority of these cases (68%) received needless therapy for assumed GTN/choriocarcinoma/placental site trophoblastic tumor before consultation with the Reference Service. "
3.	Radiotherapy 05/01/1985 - "Placental-site trophoblastic tumor (trophoblastic pseudotumor): case report demonstrating failure of chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy to control metastatic disease." 01/01/2021 - "DONNéES PROBANTES: Des recherches ont été effectuées au moyen des bases de données Embase et MEDLINE, du Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials et de la Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews afin de trouver les études publiées depuis 2002 utilisant un ou plusieurs des mots clés suivants : trophoblastic neoplasms, choriocarcinoma, trophoblastic tumor, placental site, gestational trophoblastic disease, hydatidiform mole, drug therapy, surgical therapy, radiotherapy, cure, complications, recurrence, survival, prognosis, pregnancy outcome, disease outcome, treatment outcome et remission. " 01/01/2021 - "Relevant studies from 2002 onwards were searched in Embase, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Cochrane Systematic Reviews using the following terms, either alone or in combination: trophoblastic neoplasms, choriocarcinoma, trophoblastic tumor, placental site, gestational trophoblastic disease, hydatidiform mole, drug therapy, surgical therapy, radiotherapy, cure, complications, recurrence, survival, prognosis, pregnancy outcome, disease outcome, treatment outcome, and remission. "
4.	Combination Drug Therapy (Combination Chemotherapy) 06/01/2000 - "We perform a hysterectomy in all cases of placental-site trophoblastic tumors; combination chemotherapy is used if there is evidence of metastatic disease." 02/01/2009 - "The combination chemotherapy of 5-FU and Act D is effective in low- and high-risk patients with GTN, but not in patients with placental site trophoblastic tumor; it can be used as primary chemotherapy regimen in high-risk patients with GTN, except those with extensive metastases." 01/01/1998 - "We document a case of long-term remission in a patient with metastatic placental site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT) and attempt to determine the response rate of metastatic PSTT to EMA/CO (etoposide, methotrexate, actinomycin-D, cyclophosphamide, and vincristine) combination chemotherapy based on available reports. "
5.	Adjuvant Chemotherapy 11/23/2015 - "Mixed trophoblastic tumor composed of choriocarcinoma and placental site trophoblastic tumor was diagnosed on histopathology slides review, is a very rare mixed tumor and cured after adjuvant chemotherapy. "