Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm

An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of the THORACIC AORTA. This proximal descending portion of aorta gives rise to the visceral and the parietal branches above the aortic hiatus at the diaphragm.

Also Known As:

Networked: 1399 relevant articles (42 outcomes, 158 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Aortic Dissection
2.	Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
3.	Aneurysm (Aneurysms)
4.	Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm
5.	Rupture

Experts

1.	Milewicz, Dianna M: 35 articles (01/2020 - 07/2003)
2.	Elefteriades, John A: 22 articles (04/2022 - 12/2004)
3.	Avril, Stéphane: 17 articles (04/2021 - 02/2014)
4.	LeMaire, Scott A: 15 articles (01/2022 - 05/2006)
5.	Bavaria, Joseph E: 15 articles (11/2021 - 10/2005)
6.	Coselli, Joseph S: 13 articles (01/2022 - 05/2006)
7.	Pasta, Salvatore: 13 articles (11/2021 - 02/2012)
8.	Guo, Dong-Chuan: 13 articles (01/2021 - 12/2007)
9.	Fairman, Ronald M: 13 articles (01/2018 - 10/2005)
10.	Ziganshin, Bulat A: 12 articles (04/2022 - 07/2015)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm:

1.	Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors)IBA 10/15/2013 - "The results of a pilot study by our group suggested improved outcomes among patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm who were taking statins. " 08/01/2008 - "Purpose of this study was to compare the correlation of statin use with long-term mortality in patients with abdominal (AAA) and thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA). " 08/01/2021 - " Patients presenting for thoracic aortic aneurysm surgery frequently receive unnecessary statins. " 08/01/2021 - "We sought to determine the prevalence of statin use among patients presenting for thoracic aortic aneurysm surgery and investigate its effect on outcomes. " 08/01/2021 - "Statins for Patients Undergoing Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Repair Surgery: What to Do?"
2.	Complement Receptors (Complement Receptor)IBA 01/01/2020 - "Correction: Selective and marked decrease of complement receptor C5aR2 in human thoracic aortic aneurysms: a dysregulation with potential inflammatory effects." 01/01/2019 - "Selective and marked decrease of complement receptor C5aR2 in human thoracic aortic aneurysms: a dysregulation with potential inflammatory effects."
3.	Doxycycline (Periostat)FDA LinkGeneric 08/01/2010 - "We hypothesized that a combination of losartan potassium and doxycycline would offer better secondary prevention treatment than would single-drug therapy to manage thoracic aortic aneurysm. " 08/01/2010 - "Effectiveness of combination of losartan potassium and doxycycline versus single-drug treatments in the secondary prevention of thoracic aortic aneurysm in Marfan syndrome." 04/25/2008 - "Long-term doxycycline is more effective than atenolol to prevent thoracic aortic aneurysm in marfan syndrome through the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9." 08/01/2010 - "Losartan potassium and doxycycline combined completely prevented thoracic aortic aneurysm and improved elastic fiber organization, also downregulating matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 and transforming growth factor beta and normalizing aortic contractile and relaxation functions to control values. "
4.	1,3,4,6- tetra- O- acetyl- 2- azido- 2- deoxyglucopyranose (TAAD)IBA 06/01/2023 - " studies have shown 20% of patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm or dissection (TAAD) have an identifiable genetic syndrome, and 19% will have an affected first-degree relative. " 01/01/2023 - "The current understanding of the genetic determinants of thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections (TAAD) has largely been informed through studies of rare, Mendelian forms of disease. " 01/01/2022 - "Conventional two-dimensional cell culture techniques and animal models have been used in the study of human thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD). " 01/01/2022 - "In this study, we systematically evaluated the frequency of mosaicisms in both asymptomatic parents and affected patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD). " 11/01/2014 - "This study aimed at exploring the causative gene and summarizing the clinical characteristics in a Chinese thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD) family. "
5.	N-acetylVal-Nle(7,8)- allatotropin (5-13) (ATAA)IBA 10/01/2019 - "Using the improved MRDS approach, we estimated in vivo aortic tissue elastic properties of two ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm (ATAA) patients from pre-operative gated CT scans. " 11/14/2023 - "This study aims to outline the 'true' natural history of ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm (ATAA) based on a cohort of patients not undergoing surgical intervention. " 01/01/2022 - "Historic studies of nonsyndromic ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms (aTAAs) reported that the typical aTAA growth rate was approximately 0.6 mm/year, but data were limited due to relatively few studies using computed tomography (CT) imaging. " 10/15/2019 - "This study sought to outline the natural history of ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm (ATAA) based on ascending aortic length (AAL) and develop novel predictive tools to better aid risk stratification. " 12/01/2018 - "Previous studies have not examined the participation of intimal, medial, and adventitial layers in providing mechanical strength to the ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm (ATAA) wall compared with the nonaneurysmal aorta. "
6.	Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs)IBA 02/01/2006 - "This study was undertaken to define matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression in the anterior and posterior wall of descending thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) and correlate it with specific computed tomography (CT) image sites within the descending thoracic aorta. " 03/01/2004 - "Recent studies suggest that abnormal matrix metalloproteinase activity may also be associated with the formation of atherosclerotic and nonatherosclerotic thoracic aortic aneurysms. " 01/01/2019 - "Correlation between MMP and TIMP levels and elastic moduli of ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms." 01/01/2017 - "Regulation of membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase activity and intracellular localization in clinical thoracic aortic aneurysms." 02/01/2016 - "Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs). "
7.	Angiotensin IIIBA 12/01/2011 - "Angiotensin II infusion in mice promotes abdominal and thoracic aortic aneurysms, which provides a feasible approach to study the mechanisms of these two distinct diseases." 01/01/2023 - "Circ_0008285 silencing suppresses angiotensin II-induced vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis in thoracic aortic aneurysm via miR-150-5p/BASP1 axis." 08/01/2018 - "Deletion of ACTA2 in mice promotes angiotensin II induced pathogenesis of thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections." 01/01/2018 - "MicroRNA-21 Knockout Exacerbates Angiotensin II-Induced Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection in Mice With Abnormal Transforming Growth Factor-β-SMAD3 Signaling." 07/03/2015 - "Using a loss-of-function genetic mouse model, we demonstrated that the lack of Mmp17 resulted in the presence of dysfunctional vascular smooth muscle cells and altered extracellular matrix in the vessel wall; and it led to increased susceptibility to angiotensin-II-induced thoracic aortic aneurysm. "
8.	Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 (Gelatinase A)IBA 04/01/2015 - "Divergent roles of matrix metalloproteinase 2 in pathogenesis of thoracic aortic aneurysm." 01/01/2017 - "To study the expression, roles, and clinical significance of Brahma (BRM) and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) in the thoracic aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection. " 08/31/2007 - "Loss of elastic fiber integrity and reduction of vascular smooth muscle contraction resulting from the upregulated activities of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 in the thoracic aortic aneurysm in Marfan syndrome." 09/01/2015 - "In this study, we hypothesized that angiotensin II (Ang II) induces matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) upregulation in aneurysmal smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) derived from ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms (ATAAs). " 01/01/2019 - "Elevated matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) tissue levels have been associated with ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm (aTAA). "
9.	Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-beta)IBA 01/01/2020 - "Molecular and genetic bases of thoracic aortic aneurysms mainly include transforming growth factor beta signaling, smooth muscle contractile units and metabolism genes, and extracellular matrix genes. " 01/01/2016 - "Altered activity of and signaling through transforming growth factor-beta has been implicated in thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections, conditions characterized by a reduced structural integrity of the wall that associates with altered biomechanics and mechanobiology. " 01/01/2009 - "Transforming growth factor-beta signaling in thoracic aortic aneurysm development: a paradox in pathogenesis." 01/01/2008 - "Altered transforming growth factor-beta signaling in a murine model of thoracic aortic aneurysm." 01/01/2013 - "Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonism Reduces Transforming Growth Factor Beta and Smad Signaling in Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm."
10.	LigandsIBA 12/01/2016 - "This review discusses how elucidation of the genetic causes of syndromic forms of thoracic aortic aneurysm has helped identify pathways that contribute to disease progression, including those activated by TGF-β, angiotensin II and Notch ligands. " 10/01/2022 - "Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) is a heritable disorder that presents with thoracic aortic aneurysm and/or dissection caused by a mutation in one of the transforming growth factor-B receptor or ligand genes. " 10/01/2021 - "This study used genetic and pharmacological modes of attenuating angiotensin receptor and ligand, respectively, to determine their roles on thoracic aortic aneurysm in mice with fibrillin-1 haploinsufficiency (Fbn1C1041G/+). " 05/08/2023 - "We aimed to explore the correlations of C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 4 (CXCL4) gene polymorphisms with thoracic aortic aneurysm. " 03/01/2012 - "Plasma samples from patients with or without a diagnosis of thoracic aortic aneurysms were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the T-helper 1 cytokine interferon-γ and the interferon-γ-inducible chemokine receptor 3 ligands: interferon-inducible protein-10, interferon-inducible T-cell alpha chemoattractant, and monokine induced by interferon gamma. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Endovascular Aneurysm Repair 01/01/2018 - "Here we report a 15 cm asymptomatic thoracic aortic aneurysm of a 72-year-old male patient, treated successfully with thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR). " 11/01/2014 - "Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) has emerged as a safe and effective alternative to open surgery for treatment of thoracic aortic aneurysms. " 09/01/2012 - "TEVAR is a safe and effective procedure to treat thoracic aortic aneurysms with improved perioperative and similar long-term results as open thoracic aortic repair. " 01/01/2011 - "Endovascular stent grafting has the potential as a safe and useful treatment for thoracic aortic aneurysms, but further assessment is necessary of its efficacy over a longer postoperative period." 07/01/2005 - "Endovascular stent grafting shows potential as a safe and useful treatment for thoracic aortic aneurysms, but further investigation should attempt to determine its efficacy over a longer postoperative period."
2.	Stents 10/01/1998 - "These early results suggest that the stent graft repair is possibly safe and useful treatment for the patients of thoracic aortic aneurysms especially in high risk patients. " 11/01/2012 - "The VALOR II 12-month results demonstrate that the Medtronic Valiant thoracic stent graft is a safe and effective treatment for patients with descending thoracic aortic aneurysms of degenerative etiology." 01/01/2001 - "Endoluminal placement of stent grafts has developed as an alternative procedure for the treatment of thoracic aortic aneurysms, even if longer term follow-up is still necessary to fully define the efficacy of this approach." 09/24/2015 - "All published and unpublished randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of stent graft types in the repair of thoracic aortic aneurysms were sought without language restriction. " 02/01/2015 - "This study analyzed the mechanism and risk factors of thoracic aortic aneurysm expansion due to late distal stent graft-induced new entry (dSINE). "
3.	Therapeutics 12/01/2013 - "The objective of this study was the evaluation of aortic wall stress in patients with ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) because of the paucity of data to guide medical therapy for blood pressure (BP) management in TAA. " 03/01/2013 - "However, very few clinical trials of pharmacologic therapy in humans with thoracic aortic aneurysm disease have been conducted. " 03/01/2022 - "Thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection are complex diagnoses that require management by multidisciplinary providers using a variety of medical therapies, surgical interventions, and lifestyle modifications. " 01/01/2022 - "There is therefore a pressing need for effective therapies to delay or even avoid the need for surgical repair in thoracic aortic aneurysm patients. " 05/01/2021 - "Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is a potentially life-threatening disease for which few medical therapies are available. "
4.	Prostheses and Implants (Prosthesis) 05/01/2001 - "The objective of this study was to analyze a single-center experience in which descending thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) were treated with a new self-expanding endovascular prosthesis (Medtronic AVE). " 12/01/2023 - "Sandwich thoracic branch endoprosthesis technique for endovascular repair of thoracic aortic aneurysm with aberrant right subclavian artery." 11/30/2023 - "Twelve years earlier she had undergone a Bentall-de Bone procedure and 7 years earlier a thoracic aorta aneurysm (TAA) was repaired with an endovascular prosthesis. " 11/01/2021 - "Evaluation of the Gore TAG thoracic branch endoprosthesis in the treatment of proximal descending thoracic aortic aneurysms." 01/01/2020 - "This has led to multiple new findings in the areas of phenotype-dependent bicuspid valve flow patterns, thoracic aortic aneurysm formation and aortic prosthesis performance assessment. "
5.	Endovascular Procedures 05/01/2014 - "Since the advent of endovascular techniques for repair of descending thoracic aortic aneurysms (DTAAs), there has been a relative paucity of current data for open repairs. " 06/01/2013 - "Despite justified popularity of endovascular procedures in the treatment of thoracic aorta aneurysms, we should remember about potential long-term complications. " 12/01/2008 - "From 1995 to February 2008, we performed about 1100 endovascular procedures to treat thoracic aortic aneurysms and 682 cases were performed at Tokyo Medical University. " 12/01/2008 - "Hybrid surgical-endovascular procedure was conducted in a 46-year-old male with extensive thoracic aortic aneurysm. " 12/01/2007 - "We evaluated the application of a new combined surgical and endovascular technique for the treatment of thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections. "