Enterobiasis

Infection with nematodes of the genus ENTEROBIUS; E. vermicularis, the pinworm of man, causes a crawling sensation and pruritus. This condition results in scratching the area, occasionally causing scarification.

Also Known As:

Infection, Enterobius vermicularis; Infection, Oxyuris vermicularis; Pinworm Infection; Enterobiases; Enterobius vermicularis Infections; Infection, Pinworm; Infections, Enterobius vermicularis; Infections, Oxyuris vermicularis; Infections, Pinworm; Oxyuris vermicularis Infections; Pinworm Infections; Enterobius vermicularis Infection; Oxyuris vermicularis Infection

Networked: 224 relevant articles (17 outcomes, 12 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Infections: 526564
- Parasitic Diseases: 4870
  - Helminthiasis: 527
    - Nematode Infections: 949
      - Secernentea Infections
        Oxyurida Infections
        Oxyuriasis: 118
        Enterobiasis: 224

Related Diseases

1.	Ascariasis
2.	Trichuriasis
3.	Helminthiasis (Helminthiases)
4.	Ancylostomiasis
5.	Vulvovaginitis

Experts

1.	Altman, Norman H: 2 articles (01/2022 - 01/2013)
2.	Cray, Carolyn: 2 articles (01/2022 - 01/2013)
3.	Cho, Min Kyoung: 2 articles (04/2012 - 06/2010)
4.	Kim, Bo Young: 2 articles (04/2012 - 06/2010)
5.	Kim, Dong-Hee: 2 articles (04/2012 - 06/2010)
6.	Son, Hyun-Mi: 2 articles (04/2012 - 06/2010)
7.	Yu, Hak Sun: 2 articles (04/2012 - 06/2010)
8.	Hasegawa, Hideo: 2 articles (06/2005 - 06/2003)
9.	Ikeda, Yatsukaho: 2 articles (06/2005 - 06/2003)
10.	Nakano, Tadao: 2 articles (06/2005 - 06/2003)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Enterobiasis:

1.	Mebendazole (Anti-Worm)FDA Link 05/01/1991 - "Daily washing of all the children and treatment of the invaded children with Vermox once a year proved effective for the prevention of enterobiasis transmission." 03/01/1991 - "Vermox administration twice a year decreased the incidence of enterobiasis in children 1.9-fold, while nondrug measures decreased it 1.5-6.1-fold." 04/01/1976 - "A series of 6 experiments was conducted to test the efficacy of mebendazole in eliminating naturally occurring pinworm infections from mice. " 01/01/1975 - "The efficacy of mebendazole against enterobiasis was tested on 150 institutionalized mental retardates (range 5-25 years). " 09/01/1973 - "Mebendazole in enterobiasis: a placebo--controlled trial in a paediatric community."
2.	Albendazole (Albenza)FDA Link 09/01/2011 - "Our case shows albendazole to also be effective against enterobiasis. " 05/01/1985 - "[Efficacy of albendazole in the treatment of enterobiasis]." 01/01/2020 - "Successful Resolution of Recurrent Vaginal Pinworm Infection With Intermittent Albendazole Administration." 04/01/2012 - "vermicularis eggs received medical treatment with 500 mg albendazole twice, with 15 days interval, and no information about enterobiasis was provided to parents. " 04/01/2012 - "In the Edu group, only children diagnosed positive for Enterobius vermicularis eggs received medical treatment with 500 mg albendazole twice, with 15 days interval and all parents in the group received brochures providing information about enterobiasis. "
3.	AnthelminticsIBA 08/01/1984 - "Anthelmintic Study Group on Enterobiasis." 06/01/2005 - "Effects of repeated anthelmintic treatment on Enterobius vermicularis infection in chimpanzees." 08/01/1989 - "Topical anthelmintic treatment of recurrent genitourinary enterobiasis." 08/01/1981 - "When enterobiasis cases were treated with anthelmintics only for one time, the interval to recurrence was variable by different drugs used. " 12/01/1977 - "Evaluation of anthelmintic treatment of Enterobius vermicularis infection in highly endemic population by prolonged observation."
4.	carbendazimIBA 01/01/1991 - "A satisfactory tolerance to and high efficacy of medamine have been demonstrated during treatment of enterobiasis according to the above scheme." 01/01/1991 - "[The efficacy of the 1-day treatment of enterobiasis with medamine]." 01/01/1997 - "When given in a single course dose, medamine shows a 100% efficiency in the treatment of enterobiasis. " 01/01/1991 - "Children with enterobiasis in nursery schools and kindergartens were treated with medamine according to a one-day scheme. " 01/01/1991 - "[Experience in using medamine in preschool institutions for treating enterobiasis]."
5.	FenbendazoleIBA 01/01/2022 - "Fenbendazole remains the drug of choice to treat pinworm infection in laboratory rodents. " 11/01/2008 - "Diet containing the anthelminthic fenbendazole is used often to treat rodent pinworm infections because it is easy to use and has few reported adverse effects on research. " 05/01/2006 - "Of the 2 treatments evaluated, fenbendazole-medicated chow remains an effective and practical method to eliminate pinworm infections in mice and rats." 03/01/2005 - "Pinworm infection in rodent laboratories is common and often treated with fenbendazole, which is effective and has a low toxicity level. " 03/01/2005 - "The lack of behavioral effects of fenbendazole: a medication for pinworm infection."
6.	pyrvinium (Vankin)FDA Link 01/01/1963 - "[FIRST RESULTS WITH THE USE OF THE PARKE-DAVIS PREPARATION "MOLEVAC"--A DRUG EFFECTIVE AGAINST ENTEROBIASIS. " 01/01/2021 - "Pyrvinium Pamoate (PP) is an old drug approved by the FDA for the treatment of pinworm infections. " 01/01/2014 - "Considering its well-documented safe use for treating enterobiasis in humans, our findings suggest that Pyrvinium could be repurposed for the clinical treatment of APC-associated polyposes. " 01/01/1977 - "[Treatment of enterobiasis in children with pyrvinium pamoate]." 07/01/1970 - "[Effectiveness and tolerance of pyrvinium pamoate in the treatment of enterobiasis]."
7.	Pyrantel Pamoate (Pyrantel Embonate)IBA 09/01/2011 - "Pyrantel pamoate is used widely against enterobiasis in Japan. " 09/01/2011 - "A 18-year-old Japanese woman seen as an outpatient for refractory enterobiasis had been treated with pyrantel pamoate over 40 times since the age of 11. " 06/01/2003 - "The complete eradication of pinworm infection by pyrantel pamoate could be achieved by repeated treatment at intervals shorter than 2 wk. This treatment would eradicate male worms first, resulting in females producing only unfertilized eggs, from which only males might hatch." 07/01/1991 - "[The results of a clinical trial of embovin in enterobiasis]." 05/01/1980 - "[Combantrin-Pfizer in the treatment of enterobiasis detected during mass screening]."
8.	Ivermectin (Mectizan)FDA Link 06/01/1996 - "This simple and well-tolerated ivermectin regimen may help to treat and control pinworm infection in laboratory rodent colonies." 05/01/2012 - "Concerning other minor uses such as the treatment of enterobiasis or against Trichuris trichiura, more research is still needed in order to test the real activity of ivermectin. " 07/01/2002 - "A spray administration of ivermectin was evaluated for the treatment of pinworm infection in mice. " 11/01/2023 - "The optimal dosage of ivermectin for treating onchocerciasis, strongyloidiasis, and enterobiasis ranges from 150 to 200 μg/kg, while lymphatic filariasis requires a higher dose of 400 μg/kg (Brown et al., 2000). " 06/01/1996 - "Pinworm infection, a common problem in laboratory rodent colonies, is difficult to control because anthelmintics like ivermectin eliminate adult worms but have no effect on ova, which can survive ex vivo for prolonged periods. "
9.	PyrantelIBA 02/19/1973 - "[Pyrantel--a new drug in enterobiasis]." 05/01/1992 - "[The efficacy of pyrantel in vulvovaginitis of enterobiasis etiology]." 06/01/1988 - "A randomized controlled trial of pyrantel and mebendazole in children with enterobiasis and concomitant ascariasis."
10.	Promethazine (Promet)FDA LinkGeneric 08/10/1957 - "Treatment of enterobiasis with one oral dose of promethazine hydrochloride." 06/23/1956 - "Treatment of enterobiasis with one oral dose of promethazine hydrochloride." 11/10/1956 - "Efficacy of promethazine and pyrathiazine against enterobiasis."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 03/01/1991 - "The efficacy of hygienic measures and drug therapy of patients with enterobiasis has been compared in different organized groups of children in various regions of Lithuania. " 03/01/1989 - "The results of the present study indicate that monthly chemotherapy is the best method for controlling pinworm infections in these mountainous regions." 03/01/2000 - "We suggest that blanket chemotherapy should be repeated at every 6 months interval to control enterobiasis in orphanages." 03/01/2000 - "The incidence density of enterobiasis after blanket chemotherapy was 379.82 per 1,000 person-years which was quite high. " 03/01/2000 - "Prevalence of enterobiasis and its incidence after blanket chemotherapy in a male orphanage."
2.	Therapeutics 01/01/1982 - "[Results of the study of the effects of mass therapy of enterobiasis in school children in Subotica and surrounding region]." 05/01/2008 - "Pinworm infection is a very common diagnosis in young children that is not always confirmed through laboratory evaluation before empiric therapy is prescribed. " 08/01/2006 - "[Diagnosis of and anthelminthic therapy for enterobius vermicularis infections during pregnancy: review of the literature and case report]." 03/01/1990 - "A set of sanitary-and-hygienic and sanitary education measures producing a sustained and reliable effect in enterobiasis control without therapy is proposed to be used." 12/01/1989 - "[Enterobiasis--incidence and therapy in various child care centers in Bratislava]."
3.	Traditional Medicine (Folk Remedies) 01/01/2012 - "[Enterobiasis in pediatric subjects in north-western Italy: a study of home remedies]." 01/01/2012 - "The present study examines the most common home remedies in the Piedmont region of northwest Italy currently used in the treatment of pediatric enterobiasis, commonly known as pinworm infection. "
4.	Appendectomy 01/01/2023 - "In this article, it is aimed to present the characteristics of enterobiasis cases detected in appendectomy specimens in a tertiary healthcare institution. " 05/01/1996 - "The authors present 14 cases of enterobiasis of appendix observed between 1991-94, on a total of 1093 appendectomies. " 03/28/2019 - "Findings in Appendectomies with Enterobius vermicularis Infection: Pinworm Is Not A Cause of Appendicitis" 05/01/2003 - "Of 317 patients who underwent appendectomy, 14 (4.4%) had involvement of the appendix with endometriosis, 12 (3.78%) had early acute appendicitis, 4 (1.26%) had carcinoid tumors of the appendix, 2 (0.63%) had a large mucocele, and 1 (0.9%) each had Enterobius vermicularis infection, benign neuroma, and mucinous cystadenoma. "
5.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 06/01/1986 - "Stools for roundworm and whipworm and anal swabs for pinworm infections were examined both before and 25 days after treatment. " 07/15/2010 - "Twenty-one horses (>4 months to 15 years of age) with patent, naturally acquired pinworm infections were blocked by source of origin and allocated randomly to one of three treatment groups: horses (n=7) assigned to Group 1 were treated orally with pyrantel pamoate paste at a dosage of 13.2 mg/kg (2x label dosage), Group 2 horses (n=7) were untreated controls, and horses (n=7) assigned to Group 3 were treated orally with ivermectin paste at a dosage of 200 microg/kg. Fourteen days after treatment, horses were euthanatized, necropsied, and large intestinal contents were processed for recovery of adult pinworms. "